十、非谓语动词【考纲分析】1.中考考纲:(1)非谓语动词（动词不定式做宾语、宾补、目的状语）2.近5年中考非谓语动词的考点及分值分布年份题型分值考查内容2012年单项选择1tofinish2013年单项选择1不定式的否定形式：(try)nottomake完形填空短文填空1.5动名词(enjoy)eating/having2014年单项选择1不定式的否定形式：(Inorder)nottobelate完形填空1(for)disturbing短文填空2015年单项选择1不定式的否定形式：(advise)nottoleave完形填空短文填空2016年单项选择1不定式：(expect)towin完形填空短文填空【自主学习】用所给动词的适当形式填空,并找出标志词。1.Ispenttwohours(do)myhomeworklastnight.2.Satellitesareusedfor(learn)moreabouttheearth.3.Hefinishes(wash)ateighto'clockeveryevening.4.You'veworkedfor4hours.Pleasestop(have)arest.5.Sheoftenmakesus(do)alotofhomeworkafterschool.6.Motheralwaystellsme(notread)inbed.7.Theyaskedtheheadmaster(speak)atthemeeting.8.(smoke)toomuchisbadforyourhealth.9..Ittookmetwohours(finish)myhomeworklastnight.10.Thankyoufor(come)toseeme.11.Iwant(see)afilmtonight.12.Didyouseeher(go)upstairsjustnow？13.I'mthirsty.I'dlikesomething(drink).14.Doyouknowwhere________(buy)thiskindofsportsshoes?15.Theoldmanfounditdifficult(fall)asleep.参考答案1.doing2.learning3.washing4.tohave5.do6.nottoread7.tospeak8.Smoking9.tofinish10.coming11.tosee12.go13.todrink14.tobuy15.tofall【教师点拨】非谓语动词是动词的形式，在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用。不能作谓语，没有人称和数的变化。分为动词不定式、动名词和分词三种。考点1动词不定式(1)构成：to＋动词原形，否定式：notto＋动词原形(2)用法：常在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、目的状语和定语等。①作主语如：TolearnEnglishwellisveryimportant.=It’sveryimportanttolearnEnglishwell②作表语如：Mydreamistobeareporter.③作宾语如：Iwanttobeanactor.Ifinditinterestingtoplaybasketball.④作宾补如：Theteacheraskedustofinishthehomeworkintime.⑤作目的状语如：Hewenttheretoseehisuncle.⑥作定语如：Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink？(3)常考词组和句型：①后面常用动词不定式作宾语的词有：②后面常用动词不定式作宾补的词有：asksb.todosth.(叫某人做某事)tellsb.todosth.(告诉某人做某事)allowsb.todosth.(允许某人做某事)wishsbtodosth(希望做某事)wantsb.todosth.(想要某人做某事)advisesbtodosth(建议某人做某事)invitesb.todosth.(邀请某人做某事)expectsbtodosth(期待某人做某事)Encouragesbtodosth(鼓励某人做某事)Teachsbtodosth(教某人做某事)③It代替动词不定式做形式主语和形式宾语。（it…..todo）如：It'susefultolearnaforeignlanguage.(It代替动词不定式做形式主语)Hefounditdifficulttofinishtheworkbyhimself.(it代替动词不定式做形式宾语)注意：It'simportantforustostudyEnglishwell.学好英语对我们来说是重要的。(用介词“for”，表示动词不定式与形容词有主谓关系)It'scleverofhimtoworkouttheproblem.他太聪明了，能算出了这道难题。wouldliketodosth(乐意做某事)wanttodosth(想要做某事)decidetodosth(决定做某事)plantodosth(计划做某事)begin/starttodosth(开始做某事)Trytodosth(设法做某事)pretendtodosth(假装做某事)hopetodosth(希望做某事)agreetodosth(同意做某事)learntodosth(学会做某事)needtodosth(需要做某事)promisetodosth(答应做某事)refusetodosth(拒绝做某事)usedtodosth(过去常做某事)Affordtodosth(负担得起做某事)(用介词“of”，表示of后面的名词或代词与形容词有主谓关系)④特殊疑问词(what，when，which，where，who，how)＋todo(why除外)如：Idon'tknowwhentogo/wheretogo/whichtobuy.Shedidn'ttellmewhattodo/howtodoit.(4)几个固定不定式的词组，常放在句首，作独立成分。toone'ssurprise使某人惊奇的是tobeginwith首先tobehonest老实说totellthetruth说实话考点2省to的动词不定式(1)使...
