2024年英语专业八级文化常识VIP免费

英国文学(EnglishLiterature)450-1066OldEnglish(orAnglo-Saxon)Period古英语（或盎格鲁—撒克逊）时期1066-1500MiddleEnglishPeriod中古英语时期1500-16601516-15781578-16251625-1660TheRenaissance文艺复兴1)ThebeginningoftheRenaissance2)Thefloweringperiod3)TheepilogueoftheRenaissance1660-1785TheNeoclassicalPeriod新古典主义时期1785-1830TheRomanticPeriod浪漫主义时期1832-1901TheVictorianPeriod维多利亚时期1901-1914TheEdwardianPeriod爱德华时期1910-1936TheGeorgianPeriod乔治五世时期1914-TheModernPeriod现代时期1945-Postmodernism后现代主义一、OldandMedievalEnglishLiterature中古英语文学(8世纪-14世纪)1)TheOldEnglishPeriod/TheAnglo-SaxonPeriod古英语时期(449-1066)a.paganpoetry(异教诗歌):Beowulf《贝奥武甫》-最早的诗歌；长诗(3000行)heroism&fatalism&Christianqualitiesthefolklegendsoftheprimitivenortherntribes;aheroicScandinavianepiclegend;善恶有报b.religiouspoetry:Caedmon(凯德蒙610-680):thefirstknownreligiouspoet;thefatherofEnglishsongCynewulf(基涅武甫9C):TheChristc.8thC,Anglo-Saxonprose:VenerableBede(673-735);AlfredtheGreat(848-901)2)TheMedievalPeriod中世纪(1066-ca.1485/1500):a.Romance中世纪传奇故事(1200-1500):theMiddleAges;英雄诗歌无名诗人-SirGawainandtheGreenKnight《高文爵士与绿色骑士》:Celticlegend;verse-romance;2530lines~14thC,AgeofChaucer:*GeoffreyChaucer(乔叟1340-1400):文风：vividandexactlanguage,hispoetryisfullofvigorandswiftnessthefatherofEnglishpoetry;thefatherofEnglishfiction;首创“双韵体”;首位用伦敦方言写作英国作家TheCanterburyTales:pilgrimsstories受Boccaccio(薄伽丘)-Decameron《十日谈》启发TheHouseofFame;TroilusandCriseyde;TheRomauntoftheRose《玫瑰罗曼史》(译作)*WilliamLangland(朗兰1332-1400)：TheVisionofPiersPlowman《农夫皮尔斯之幻象》:一般人眼中的社会抗议b.15thC,Englishballads:ThomasMalory(1395-1471):Morted’Arthur《亚瑟王之死》-圆桌骑士二、TheRenaissancePeriod英国文艺复兴(1500-1660):humanism十四行诗，文艺复兴，无韵诗，伊丽莎白戏剧1)诗歌HenryHoward(霍华德1516-1547)a.ThomasWyatt(怀亚特1503-1542):thefirsttointroducethesonnetintoEnglishliteratureb.SirPhilipSidney(雪尼爵士1554-1586)：代表了当时的理想-“thecompleteman”DefenseofPoetry《为诗辩护》AstrophelandStella;Arcadia《阿卡狄亚》:aproseromancefilledwithlyrics;aforerunnerofthemodernworldc.EdmundSpenser(斯宾塞1552-1599):thepoets’poet;non-dramaticpoetof伊丽莎白时代-longallegoricalromance文风：aperfectmelody,araresenseofbeautyandasplendidimagination.TheShepherdCalendarTheFaerieQueen《仙后》：longpoemforQueenElizabeth;Allegory-nine-lineversestanza/theSpenserianStanzaSpenserianStanza(斯宾塞诗体):Ninelines,thefirsteightlinesisiniambic(抑扬格)pentameter(五步诗),andtheninthlineisaniambichexameter(六步诗)line.2)Prose散文a.ThomasMore(莫尔1478-1535):欧洲初期空想社会主义创始人Utopia《乌托邦》:More与海员的对话b.JohnLyly(黎里1553-160，剧作家&小说家)：EupheusEuphuism(夸饰文体):Abundantuseofbalancedsentences,alliterations(头韵)andotherartificialprosodic(韵律)means.Theuseofoddsimiles(明喻)andcomparisonsc.FrancisBacon(培根1561-1626)：英国首位散文家，中世纪至现代欧洲时期;近代唯物主义哲学奠基人和近代试验科学先驱thetrumpeterofanewage;Essays(论说文集)：OfStudies,OfLove,OfBeauty:thefirsttrueEnglishproseclassic3)戏剧a.ChristopherMarlowe(马洛1564-1593):UniversityWits大学才子派EdwardII；TheJewofMalta《马耳他的犹太人》firstmadeblankverse(无韵诗：不押韵的五步诗)theprincipleinstrumentofEnglishdramaTheTragicalHistoryofDoctorFaustus《浮士德博士的悲剧》：根据德国...