外文资料及译文外文资料及译文1.外文资料全球定位系统第一节TheprincipleofGPS一、GPSGPS(NavigationSatelliteTimingandRanging/GlobalPositionSystem)，GPSclockanddistancenavigationsystem/globalpositioningsystems,referredtoasglobalpositioningsystem(GPS),alongwiththerapiddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology,andsetupanewgenerationofsatellitenavigationandpositioningsystemprecision.Globalpositioningsystem(GPS)isin1973byU.S.defenseforcesbegantoorganize,andcommonbasiccompletionin1993.Thissystemconsistsofspaceconstellation,groundcontrolanduserreceiveriscomposedofthreeparts.（一）Globalpositioningsystem1.1SpaceconstellationGPSspaceby24workingpartconstellationsparesatelliteandthreesatellite.Workin6orbitsatellitedistributionwithinthesurface.Eachtracksurfacedistributionhas3~4satellite,satelliteorbitsearth'sequatorAnglerelativetotheaverageheightof55,orbitfor20200kilometers.Satelliteoperatingcyclefor11hours45minutes.Therefore,inthesamestationdailysatellitelayoutisroughlysame,justfourminuteseverydayinadvance.Eachsatelliteabout5hourseverydayinthehorizon,locatedabovethehorizonofthesatellitenumberwithmoretimeandplace,atleast4November,most.Thislayoutcanguaranteeonearthatanytime,anyplacecanalsoobservedabovefoursatellites.图1-1GPSSatellitedistribution外文资料及译文Satellitesignaltransmissionandreceptionandtheinfluence,sotheGPSisaglobal,all-weatherreal-timenavigationandpositioningforsystem.Afterthecompletionoftheglobalpositioningsystem,itsworkinthespacedistributionofsatellite1-1asshown.GPSsatellitezipsareinstalledonthelight,microprocessors,messagesignalemissionequipment,storage,andprovidepowersupplybysolarcellshavelittlefuel,satelliteisusedtoregulatethesatelliteorbitandposture,andinthemonitorofinstruction,startsparesatellite.1.2ThegroundmonitoringsystemGPSgroundmonitoringsystemintheworldbyfivesites.Onemasterstation,3injectionstation.Fivemonitorareequippedwithautomaticacquisition,datacenter,double-frequencyGPSreceiver,precisionclock,environmentaldatasensorsandcomputingdevices,andtomasterstationprovidesallkindsofobservationdata.Masterstation(inColorado)forsystemmanagementanddataprocessingcenter,itsmaincontentistheuseofthissiteandothermonitortheobservationdataofthesatellite'sstarcalendarcalculationandsatelliteclockandatmosphericdelaycorrectionparameter,provideglobalpositioningsystem,andthetimebasestation,theseparameterstoadjustsidetrackedintoorbit,thesatellitetoenablesparesatelliteinsteadoffailuresatellite,etc.Injectionstationmasterstationwillbecalculatedandsatellitestarcalendar,clock,satellitenavigationmessageandothercontrolcommandsintocorrespondingsatelliteetc,andstoragesystemintothecorrectnessofmonitoringinformation.Besides,themasterstation,GPSgroundmonitoringsystem,variousunattendedhighlyautomatedandstandardizedwork.1.3UserequipmentpartsUserequipmentincludingGPSreceiverhost,antenna,poweranddataprocessingsoftwarecomponent.Thehostforthemicrocomputer,quartzoscillatorscore,andthecorrespondinginputandoutputinterface,andequipment.Inthespecialsoftwareundercontrol,thehostforhomework,satellitedataacquisition,processingandstorageoftheequipment,thesystemstateinspection,alarmandmaintenance,thereceivingsystemofautomaticmanagement.Antenna,oftenusedforcollectingallfromeachazimuth,arbitrarynonnegativeAngleofsatellitesignal.Duetothesatelliteantennapedestalweaksignalinapre-amplifier,amplification,reoccupycoaxialc...
