Module1DeepSouthGrammarandUsage--ReviewofsubjectsGoalsToreviewandmastertheuseofsubjectsandverbsProceduresStep1:Reviewsubjects1.主语的定义:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体。主语一般位于句首,但在therebe结构、疑问句(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。2.主语的表现形式:1)名词AntarcticaisthecoldestplaceonEarth.2)代词WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.3)数词Onethirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.4)不定式ToswimintheLijiangriverisagreatpleasure.Tomasteraforeignlanguageisnecessary.5)动名词Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.Playingfootballinthestreetisdangerous.6)名词化的形容词Thericharenotalwayshappy.Thebeautifulisnotalwaysgood.7)主语从句WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecidedyet.Whatthetreatyaimstodoistopreventthecommercialandmilitaryuseofthecontinent.8)作形式主语Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.Itisapitythathecan’tcometotheparty.3.主谓一致用心爱心专心主谓一致是指:1)语法形式上要一致,即主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。(1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。单数形式表示复数意义的词有people,police,audience等。(2)主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数或不可数,谓语动词用单数。形复意单(不可数)的词有:news,maths,physics等。3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,如therebe句型或用连词either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso等。要注意的几个问题(1)class,family,team,country,school等集合名词作主语时,如果指整体,用单数;如果指每个成员,用复数。HisfamilyarewatchingTVinthesittingroom.Hisfamilyisverybig.(2)trousers,shoes,glasses,socks,stockings,scissors单独作主语时,谓语动词用复数,但当它们与apairof或pairsof连用时,谓语动词与pair的数保持一致。Thepairofglassesfitsyouwell.Severalpairsofnewshoeshavebeensenttotheoldmen.(3)名词性物主代词后的动词单复数,取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。Ours(=OurParty)isagreatparty.Yourshoesareblack,mine(=myshoes)arebrown.(4)当主语后面跟有with,togetherwith,like,but,except,besides,aswellas等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单、复数按主语单、复数而定。Mr.GreentogetherwithhischildrengoestotheparkeverySunday.(5)the+adj.表示一类人,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。Theoldaregoingtobelookedafterwell.(6)and连接并列主语、谓语动词通常用复数,但如果指同个人,同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数,这时and后面的名词无冠词。Aspeakerandwriteriscomingtomorrow.(同一个人)Aspeakerandawriterarecomingtomorrow.(两个人)用心爱心专心(7)EveryAandeveryB/EachAandeachB/NoAandnoB作主语时,谓语动词用单数,其中A、B代表单数名词。(8)Thenumberof+...,谓语动词用单数。Anumberof+...,谓语动词用复数,相当于alotof。Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis50.AnumberofstudentsarelearningJapanesenow.(9)在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致Behindthehousearesometrees.(10)表示数量的oneandahalf后,名词要用复数形式,但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。Oneandahalfbananasisleftonthetable.(11)几分之几/halfof/partof/therestof+n./pron.作主语,谓语动词由后面的n./pron.决定。而oneof+n./pron.作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Twothirdsofthebreadwaseaten.(12)名词所有格之后的名词被省略的情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等,作主语时,动词一般用单数。Thedoctor’sisontheothersideofthestreet.(13)表示“一段时间”“一段距离”“一些钱”的名词作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。Sixmilesistoofarforanoldmantowalk.(14)关系代词who,that,which在定语从句中作主语时,其谓语动词的数与先行词一致。Thosewhowantt...