SectionⅢGrammar-复习定语从句[语法初识]原句感知自主探究1.OnafreezingcolddayinJanuary1994,JiesangSuonandajiefoundwhathewaslookingfor—agroupofpoacherswho/thatwerekillingtheendangeredTibetanantelope.2.Inthebattlewhich/thatfollowedJiesangwasshotandkilled.3.Meanwhile,inthosecountrieswheretheshawlsaresold,policearegettingtoughwiththedealers.4.Sometimesthereweregunfights,liketheoneinwhichJiesangSuonandajiewaskilled.5.Inthe1990stheChinesegovernmentbegantotakeanactivepartinprotectingtheantelopesintheHohXilNatureReserve—thehugenationalparkontheQinghaiTibetanPlateau,whichisthemainhabitatoftheantelopes.6.Oftenworkingatnight,thepoachersshootwholeherdsofantelopesatatime,leavingonlythebabies,whosewoolisnotworthsomuch.7.TheanimalsareskinnedonthespotandthewooltakentoIndia,whereitismadeintotheshawls.1.句1、句2、句3为限制性定语从句,关系词分别在从句中作主语和地点状语;2.句4为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,并在从句中作状语。3.句5、句6、句7为非限制性定语从句,关系词分别在从句中作主语、定语和地点状语。[语法剖析]语法点一引导定语从句的关系词1.引导定语从句的常用关系词的用法关系词指代对象在从句中所作成分关系代词who指人主、宾、表whom指人宾which指物主、宾、表that既指人又指物主、宾、表whose既指人又指物定as既指人又指物主、宾、表关when指时间时间状语系副词where指地点地点状语why指原因原因状语Ishetheboywho/thatsurvivedintheearthquake?他就是那个在地震中幸存的男孩吗?Helivesinabighousewhosewindowfacesthesea.他住在一座窗户朝向大海的大房子里。IoftenthoughtofmychildhoodwhenIlivedonafarm.我经常回想起我的童年,那时我住在一个农场里。Bamboogrowswellintheplacewhereitiswarmandwetalltheyear.竹子在一年四季都温暖潮湿的地方生长得好。Thereareseveralreasonswhywecan'tdothat.我们有好几个理由不那样做。[名师点津]situation,case,point,stage等表示“情况,方面”的名词后可接where引导的定语从句。Ithinkyou'vegottothepointwhereachangeisneeded,otherwiseyou'llfail.我认为你应该改变了,否则你会失败。2.定语从句中关系词的选用方法一:用关系代词还是关系副词取决于从句中的谓语动词。如果是及物动词,就要用关系代词;如果是不及物动词,则要用关系副词。Thisisthemountainvillagethat/whichIvisitedlastyear.这是我去年参观过的山村。ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.这是我去年待过的山村。方法二:准确判断关系词在定语从句中所作的成分(主、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。关系词在从句中作主语、定语、宾语时,应用关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose);关系词在从句中作状语时,应用关系副词(where作地点状语,when作时间状语,why作原因状语)。3.that和which引导的定语从句的区别that和which都是关系代词,都可在从句中作主语或宾语,但两者存在着不同:用that不用which的情况先行词是all,much,few,little,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone等不定代词时先行词被all,few,little,much,every,some,no等词修饰或被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等限定词修饰时先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时先行词是序数词或其前有序数词对其进行修饰时先行词既指人又指物时主句是who或which等引导的特殊疑问句时用which不用that的情况在非限制性定语从句中用which不用that介词后用which不用thatWeshoulddoeverythingthatisusefultothepeople.我们应该做一切有益于人民的事。WhenwetalkaboutHangzhou,thefirstthatcomesintoourmindistheWestLake.我们谈论杭州时,首先想到的是西湖。Thisisthesmallestcomputerthatcanbefoundintheworldnow.这是目前发现的世界上最小的计算机。Iboughtagreatmanybooks,onwhichIspentallmymoneythatIsaved.我买了很多书,这些书花了我积攒的所有的钱。集中演练11-1....