SectionⅢGrammar-复习被动语态[语法初识]原句感知自主探究1.Today,carnivalinVeniceiscelebratedforfivedaysinFebruary.2．InEurope,whereitbegan,carnivalwasfollowedbyfortydayswithoutmeat,aspeoplepreparedfortheChristianfestivalofEaster.3．Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastontheradionow.4．Carswillbesentabroadbyseatomorrow.5．Hesaidallthetaskhadbeenfinishedbylastweek.1.句1用了一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“is/am/are＋过去分词”。2．句2用了一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were＋过去分词”。3．句3用了现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为“is/am/are＋being＋过去分词”。4．句4用了一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will/shall_be＋过去分词”。5．句5用了过去完成时的被动语态，其结构为“had＋been＋过去分词”。[语法剖析]语法点一被动语态的基本时态变化1．各种时态的被动语态的构成如果主语是动作的执行者，也就是说它们是主动关系，此时动词使用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，也就是说它们是被动关系，此时动词用被动语态。时态动词的被动形式例句一般现在时am/is/aredoneHeisaskedtodothis.一般过去时was/weredoneThestorywastoldbyhermother.一般将来时willbedoneTheproblemwillbediscussedtomorrow.现在进行时am/is/arebeingdoneThebridgeisbeingbuilt.过去进行时was/werebeingdoneAtthattimethedeskwasbeingrepaired.现在完成时have/hasThehousehasbeenbuilt.beendone过去完成时hadbeendoneTheysaidthattheirworkhadbeenfinished.过去将来时wouldbedoneHesaidthetreeswouldbeplantedsoon.2.被动语态的特殊结构形式(1)含有情态动词的被动语态的构成：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。Somethingmustbedonetostopthewaterfrombeingpolluted.必须采取措施来防止水受到污染。(2)有些动词可以跟间接宾语和直接宾语，变为被动语态时，通常把间接宾语变为主语；如果把直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介词to或for引导。Mymotherboughtmeanicegift.→Iwasboughtanicegiftbymymother.→Anicegiftwasboughtformebymymother.(3)“动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语。Theteachercaughttheboysmokingacigarette.→Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarettebytheteacher.(4)使役动词have,make与感官动词see,watch,notice,hear等后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语时，在变为被动结构时，要将to还原。Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.→Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuildingbysomeone.集中演练11－1.单句语法填空①Ifyoulistentorapmusic,youwillnoticehowthelyrics(歌词)are_spoken(speak)inthebackgroundofthesongs.②Don'tworry.Thehardworkthatyoudonowwill_be_repaid(repay)laterinlife.③Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouseis_being_rebuilt(rebuild)．④Theroomhad_been_broken(break)intobeforewecame.⑤Aftertheearthquake,theinjuredwere_taken(take)tothehospital.⑥Thiskindofchocolatehas_been_made(make)severaltimes.⑦Hesaidtheworkwould_be_finished(finish)inhalfanhour.⑧—HavetheGreensmovedintotheirnewhousealready?—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.ButIwastoldthatitwas_being_decorated(decorate)whenImetthemlastweek.1－2.完成句子⑨Thebookhas_been_published(已经出版)andyoucanbuyitinthelocallibrary.⑩MrYangwas_forced_to_leave(被迫离开)hismotherlandforpoliticalreasonsin1969.⑪Thecaptainkepthispromisethathewouldreturntotheislandwherethecrewhad_been_left(被留下)．⑫Thesongspeciallywrittenbyhimselfforhisweddingis_being_performed(正在被演奏)now.⑬Today,nearly400animalsare_listed_as(被列为)endangeredanimalsintheUnitedStates.⑭Toimprovetheairquality,theuseofprivatecarsshould_be_reduced(应该减少)．语法点二主动形式表示被动意义1．谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义(1)有些动词如write,read,sell,wash等，既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，...
