主谓一致教学内容:重难点突破:主谓一致的基本原则主谓一致有以下三条原则:1)语法一致原则,即在语法形式上取得一致。例如,主语是单数形式,谓语动词也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词也采取复数形式。例如:Thestudentsareveryyoung.Thispicturelooksbeautiful.2)意义一致原则,即从意义着眼处理一致关系。例如,主语形式虽是单数但意义是复数,谓语动词采取复数形式;而有些主语形式虽是复数但意义上是单数,谓语动词采取单数形式。1.Thepeopleinthatcountryarefightingforindependence.2.Threeyearsinastrangelandseemsalongtime.3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单数或复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。例如NeitherhenorIamgoingtoseethefilmtonightbecausewearebusy.2.主谓一致的用法根据以上三条原则,主谓一致有如下用法:1)下列结构作主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式a.表示时间、重量、长度、价值的名词作主语,谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如:1.Twohundredmilesisalongdistance.2.Tendollarsisahighpriceforthatbook.b.由anyone,anything,anybody,noone,nothing,everyone,everybody,everything,someone,somebody,each,either,neither等不定代词作主语,谓语动词使用单数形式。例如:1.Someoneisknockingatthedoor.2.Anythingisbetterthangoingtothemovietonight.c.由“manya,morethanone+单数名词”作主语,尽管意义上表示复数,但谓语动词仍采用单数形式。例如:Manyapersoninthesecircumstanceshashopedforalongbreak.Thereismorethanoneanswertoyourquestion.d.“名词+and+名词”作主语,表示同一人、同一概念或事物时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:Awriterandeducatorisgivingalecturenow.(这个人既是作家又是教育家)e."either(neither)+of+复数名词(或代词)"作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:1.Ifeitherofyoutakesavacationnow,wewillnotbeabletofinishthework.2.Neitherofthemwantstocome.f.在each…andeach…,every…andevery…等结构之后,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:Eachmanandeachwomanhastherighttovote.g.动词不定式、动名词或分句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。例如:WhatIwanttosayisnoneofyourbusiness.Listeningtotheclassicalmusicisenjoyable.不定式、动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。另外注意两个疑问词加不定式在句中作主语表示一件事的两个侧面,谓语动词用单数。从句同理。Whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholidayhasn’tbeendecidedyet.h.以-ics结尾的复数名词指一门学科时,如politics(政治学),mathematics(数学),statistics(统计学),acoustics(声学),linguistics(语言学)等,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:Mathematicsiswhathemajorsin.2)下列结构作主语,谓语动词单复数形式取决于of后的名词。a.由“a11,none,no,most,half,thelast,therest+of+名词”等不定代词作主语,谓语动词单复数形式由of后名词的单复数而定。例如:Noneofthefoodiswasted.Noneofthestudentswereabsent.Therestofthelecturewasdull.Therestofthebikeswereonsaleyesterday.b由“分数或百分数十of+名词或代词”作主语,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于of后名词或代词的单复数形式。例如:Three-quartersoftheareaiscultivated.Ninetypercentofthestudentshavepassedtheexam.3)下列结构作主语,谓语动词的单复数形式根据意义而定。a.由“the+形容词”(therich,thepoor,theblind,thedeaf,thesick,theyoung,theold)这种结构作主语,表示一类人,谓语动词用复数形式Theblindaretaughttradesinspecialschools.(表示一类人)b.family,crowd,committee,class,group,team,等集合名词作主语,谓语动词单复数形式应根据意义而定。例如:Thefamilyliketolistentothemusic.(thefamily指这家人,用作复数)Thefamilyissmall.(thefamily指这个家庭,用作单数)下列结构作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。由and或both…and连接两个单数形式的名词词组作主语时,一般谓语动词用复数形式。Agirlandaboywanttogo.Bothricea...