初中英语总复习：祈使句和感叹句主讲人：三及第李卫星一、祈使句的概念和基本形式二、祈使句的注意事项三、感叹句的概念、类型和基本结构祈使句主语是“you”，通常省略。句末用感叹号或句号，读的时候用降调。•定义：表示请求、命令、警告、建议等句子。以祈使句中，一般以动词原形开头。1.肯定形式（动词原形开头）1）be型(Be+表语+其他)eg.Bequiet!Beseated,please!Becareful!Don’trunsofast.2）do型（实义动词原型+宾语+其他）eg.Comein,pleasePleaseopenyourbooks！3）let型（Let+宾语+动词原形+其他）eg.Lethimdoitbyhimself.Letmehelpyou.Let’sgotothepark.2.否定形式（一般在动词上否定，也可以用否定副词来表示）1）be型（Don’tbe+表语）eg.Don’tbesad!Neverbelateagainnexttime!2）do型（Don’t+动词原形+其他）eg.Don’tbelievehim!Heisaliar.Don’tworry!EverythingwillbeOK.Neverdoitagain!b.Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他eg.Don’tletJimdothat.Don’tletusgo,please.3）let型有两种否定形式a.Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他eg.Lethernotdothat.别让她那么做。Let’snotthinkaboutit.It’sonlyawasteoftime.3.特殊形式的祈使句1）无动词祈使句常常用于一些表示禁止的标语牌上。eg.Noparking!Nosmoking!2）加强语气的祈使句：Do+动词原形eg.Dowritetomesoon.一定要快点给我写信啊。Doletmedoitbymyself.请一定让我自己处理。4.祈使句的反意疑问句a．Let’s表示第一人称的祈使句，反意疑问句为“Shallwe?”如：Let’sgoforawalk，shallwe?Let’sforgetit，shallwe?b．其它形式都用willyou?如：Passmethebook，willyou?Letusgoforawalk，willyou?Don’ttellanyoneaboutit，willyou?5.祈使句与条件状语从句的互相转换：祈使句+and+一般将来时，表示“递进”。祈使句+or+一般将来时，表示“否则……”。试比较：Hurryupandyou’llcatchthetrain.(＝Ifyouhurryup，you’llcatchthetrain．)Hurryup，oryou’llmissthetrain．(＝Ifyoudon’thurryup，you’llmissthetrain.)Turnleft!祈使句在标识中的应用：Turnright!Don’tsmoke!Nosmoking!Don’tplayfootballDon’tparkyourcar!Noparking!Don’teat!Don’tpicktheflowers!Walkonthezebracrossing!Goupstairs!Godownstairs!1.Jim,_____meahand.A.givesB.isgivingC.willgiveD.give2.____careful,Jenny!Thereisatreeinfrontofyou.A.AmB./C.BeD.Was3.Let's____ourtime.A.notwasteB.nowastingC.nottowasteD.nowaste4.—____higher,andyouwillseethehouse.—OK.A.IfyoustandB.TostandC.WhenyoustandD.Stand5.Please___doit.A.heB.lethimC.letheD.him6._____letanyoneopenthedoor.A.Don'tB.WillC.NotD.No7.—Don’tbelateagain.—Sorry,______.A.ImayB.ImustC.IwillD.Iwon’t8.—Callmewhenyougethome.—OK,____.A.ImustB.IcanC.IwillD.ImayThegirlisverypretty.Whataprettygirlsheis!Howprettythegirlis!感叹句Whatastrangefrogitis!Howstrangethefrogis!Thefrogisverystrange.Thebirdsareverylovely!Whatlovelybirdstheyare!Howlovelythebirdsare!Thoseantsarecarryingfoodquickly/busilyHowquicklythoseantsarecarryingfood!Thebutterflyishavingarestinatreecomfortably.Howcomfortablythebutterflyishavingarest!感叹句：1、含义：感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、赞赏和愤怒等情绪。2、构成：感叹句是由what和how引导其句型结构为What/How+感叹部分+主谓！3、What引导的感叹句１）What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓！Whatabeautifulvoiceshehas!她的声音多美啊！２）What+形容词+可数名词复数+主谓！Whatkinddoctorstheyare!他们是多好的医生啊！３）What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！Whatgoodnewsitis!4、How引导的感叹句①How+形容词+主语+谓语！Howcleveryouare!②How+副词+主语+谓语！Howwellshedances!③how+陈述句（主语+谓语）Howheloveshisson!他多么爱他的儿子啊！5、“What+a(an)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”句型可转换为“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”句型。Whatacleverboyheis!Howclevertheboyis!如何...
