现在完成时态1.用法：①过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果：强调结果例：YesterdayIfinishedmyhomework,that’stosay,Ihavefinishedmyhomeworknow.②过去已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态：强调继续例：Ihavelivedheresince1990.2.现在完成时的构成havehas+过去分词3.现在完成时的四个基本句型肯定句Hehasfinishedthework.一般疑问句Hashefinishedthework?否定句Hehasnotfinishedthework.两回答Yes,hehas.No,hehasn’t.特殊疑问句Whathashedone?4.在下列情形下用现在完成时1九词语already①已经肯定句中或句尾例:Ihavealreadyfoundmypen.=Ihavefoundmypenalready.yet②已经否定句和疑问句句尾例：Ihavenotfinishedtheworkyet.Haveyouboughtacomputeryet?ever③曾经句中例：Haveyoueverseenpandas?never④从不句中例：IhaveneverbeentoBeijing.just⑤刚刚句中例：Ihavejustdonemywork.before⑥以前句尾例：Ihaveneverbeentherebefore.sofar⑦到目前为止例：Sofarhehaslearnt200words.howlong⑧多久例：Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?howmanytimes⑨多少次例：HowmanytimeshashebeentoBeijing?2两词组havegoneto去了某地例：HehasgonetoBeijing(去了北京)havebeento去过某地例：HehasbeentoBeijing.(去过北京)3两结构fortwomonthsfor+一段时间Jimhaslivedherefor2months.sincelastyearsince+过去点时间LucyhasbeeninBeijingsince3yearsago.since3yearsagosince1990sincehecameheresince+过去时态句子HehasbeeninChinasincehecamehere.4如果句子里面没有时间状语，汉语意思能够加“已经”，往往用现在完成时态。例：Haveyoulostyourlibrarybook?你已经弄丢了从图书馆借的那本书吗？5现在完成时态还常常用于下列句型Theyhaveplantedmanytreesinthelastfewyears.在过去的几年，他们已经种了很多树。ThisisthebestbookIhaveeverread.这是我曾经读过的最好的一本书。ItisthefirsttimeIhaveplayedthecomputergames.这是我第一次玩电脑游戏。5.在现在完成时中，一次性动词不能和一段时间状语连用例：Hehasboughtthebookfor3years.（错）因buy这个一次性动词不能和一段时间for3years连用,改正的办法有五种：①Hehasboughtthebook..(去掉一段时间for3years)②Heboughtthebook3yearsago(改为一般过去时，使句子的意思不变)③It’s3yearssinceheboughtthebook.=3yearshaspassedsinceheboughtthebook.（改为固定句型Itis---since---）④Hehasnotboughtthebookfor3years.（改为否定句）⑤Hehashadthebookfor3years.（用延续性动词have代替buy）6.还有其他一次性动词也是这种情况，可参照前面的五种办法改正，前四种改法都一样，第五种改法各不相同，举例如下：come/arrive/getto/reach①→behere例：Ihavecomeherefor3years.（错）改为：Ihavebeenherefor3years.leave/go②→beaway例：Hehasleftfor3hours.（错）改为：Hehasbeenawayfor3hours.begin/start③→beon例：Thefilmhasbegunfor3minutes.（错）改为：Thefilmhasbeenonfor3minutes.open④→beopen/close→beclosed例：Theshophasopenedfor3years.(错)改为：Theshophasbeenopenfor3years.die⑤→bedead例：Hisfatherhasdiedfor3years.(错)改为：Hisfatherhasbeendeadfor3years.finish/end→⑥beover例：Hehasfinishedtheworkfor3days.(错)改为：Theworkhasbeenoverfor3daysjoin⑦例：Ihavejoinedthearmyfor3years.（错）改为：Ihavebeeninthearmyfor3years.或Ihavebeenasoldierfor3years.buy/catch⑧→have例：Ihaveboughtthebikefor3years.（错）改为：Ihavehadthebikefor3years.例：Hehascaughtacoldfor3days.（错）改为：Hehashadacoldfor3days.borrow⑨→keep例：Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3years.（错）改为：Ihavekeptthebookfor3years.还有其它的归纳如下：break→bebrokengetup→beupmarry→bemarriedbecome→belose→belost7.延续性动词和终止性动词①延续性动词：表示的动作是能延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。如：learnworkstandlieknowwalkkeephavewaitwatchsingreadsleeplive②终止性动词：也...
