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Chapter11TheSkinSkin：Epidermis、Dermis一、Histologicalstructureofskin〔一〕KeratinizingandlayersofEpidermis：Astratifiedsquamousepitheliumwhichconsistsofkeratinocytesandothertypesofcells(Melanocyte、Merkelscell、Langerhanscell)。第一页，共三十一页。第二页，共三十一页。Fivelayersofepidermisandkeratinization：1、StratumBasale2、StratumSpinosum3、StratumGranulosum4、StratumLucidum5、StratumCorneum第三页，共三十一页。1、TheStratumBasale：asinglelayerofcolumnarorhighcuboidalcells.2、TheStratumSpinosum：4—10layersofcellswhichbecomeirregularlypolygonalwithmoderateflatteningparalleltothesurface.nucleusisdistinguishableonlyinafewcells(keratohyalin、tonofilament)第四页，共三十一页。3、TheStratumGranulosum:Itconsistsof2—3layersofflattenedrhomboidcellswhosecytoplasmcontainsnumerouskeratohyalingranules.4、TheStratumLucidum：2—3layersofflattenedanddenselypackedcells.Thenucleiandtheoutlineofthestructuresaredisappear.第五页，共三十一页。5、TheStratumCorneum：layersofflattened、cornifiedcellswithoutnuclei(hornycells)andfilledwithkeratin.〔二〕Unkeratinocyte(Melanocyte、Merkelscell、Langerhanscell)第六页，共三十一页。第七页，共三十一页。二、Dermis：consistsofconnectivetissue〔掌握〕1、ThePapillaryLayer：looseconnectivetissue.Dermalpapillae、tactilecorpuscle2、TheReticularLayer：moredenseandcontainscoarsecollagenousfibers.Therearesomelittlestructuressuchashairfollicle、sebaceousglandsandsweatglandsinthislayer.第八页，共三十一页。第九页，共三十一页。三、Accessoryglandsofskin.〔熟悉〕1、Hair：hairshaft、hairroot、hairfollicle、hairbulb、hairpapilla(毛乳头)、arrectorpilimuscle.2、Sebaceousgland3、Sweatgland：scrinesweatgland小apocrinesweatgland大毛囊第十页，共三十一页。Chapter14Digestivesystem一、Generationstruction〔一〕Mucosa：1、Epithelium2、Laminapropria3、Muscularismucosae第十一页，共三十一页。〔二〕Submucosa〔三〕Muscularis〔四〕Adventitia第十二页，共三十一页。三、Esophagus1.Mucosa(15.9)1).strat.squam.nonkerat.epith.2).laminapropria.3).mascularies2.Submucosa1.esophagealglandsmucussecreting第十三页，共三十一页。C.Muscularis1.proximalthird:skeletal2.middlethird:mixed3.distalthird:smoothD.Adventitia/Serosa第十四页，共三十一页。IV.StomachA.GrossAnatomy1.cardiacregion2.fundus3.body4.pyloricregion5.rugaea.mucosa&submucosa第十五页，共三十一页。〔一〕.Mucosa1.surfaceepitheliuma.simplecolumnar第十六页，共三十一页。2.laminapropriaa.gastricpitsb.gastricglands(branchedtubular)1)chiefcells2)parietalcells3)mucousneckcells4)Stemcells:mitotic5)Endocrinecell第十七页，共三十一页。Parietal(oxyntic)cellsa)pyramidalb)sphericalnucleusc)eosinophilicd)mitochondriae)intracellularcanaliculusf)microvillig)secreteHCl,intrinsicfactor第十八页，共三十一页。parietal(oxyntic)cellsrestingactive第十九页，共三十一页。Zymogeniccellsa)rER/basophilicb)synthesizepepsinogen第二十页，共三十一页。〔二〕Submucosa〔三〕MuscularisandSerosa1.threelayersofsmoothmusclefibers第二十一页，共三十一页。V.SmallIntestineGrossAnatomy1.regionsa.duodenumb.jejunumc.ileum2.plicaecircularesa.mucosab.submucosa第二十二页，共三十一页。3.villi(15.20,15.27)a.epitheliumb.laminapropria第二十三页，共三十一页。〔一〕.Mucosaepithelium：intestinalvillussmallinterstinalgland1.simplecolumnar1)absorptivecellsbrushborder(mv)2)gobletcells第二十四页，共三十一页。3)Paneth’scellsa)eosinophilic,apicalsecretorygranulesb)antibacterial4)enteroendocrinecells5)stemcells第二十五页，共三十一页。图14-28小肠腺示潘氏细胞(焰红与坚固绿染色）第二十六页，共三十一页。2.Laminapropriaa.glandsb.capillariesc.lactealsd.smoothmusclefiberse.looseCTf.lymphocytesg.WBCs第二十七页，共三十一页。(二)Submucosa(三〕MuscularisandSerosa第二十八页，共三十一页。VI.LargeIntestinenofoldsnovilli〔一〕Colon1、Mucosa2、Submucosa3、Muscularis4.、Adventitia第二十九页，共三十一页。〔二〕AppendixA.SimilartolargeintestineB.Numerouslymphnodules第三十页，共三十一页。内容总结Chapter11TheSkin。2).laminapropria.。3.villi(15.20,15.27)。3)Paneth’scells。图14-28小肠腺示潘氏细胞(焰红与坚固绿染色）。(三〕MuscularisandSerosa。〔二〕Appendix第三十一页，共三十一页。