“情态动词＋havedone”重点讲解如果他学习努力，他就会通过期末考试了。Ifhehadworkedhard,hewouldhavepassedtheFinalexamination.一、在虚拟条件句中，如果表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句用过去完成时，而主句中则用“情态动词＋现在完成时”，即would/could/should/mighthavedoneA.couldhavestayB.couldstayC.wouldstayD.musthavestay1.---IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.---Oh,didyou?You___withBarbara.答案A,本句是一个含蓄虚拟条件句，意思是：IfyouhadstayatahotelwhileinNewYork,youcouldhavestayedwithBarbara.表达了与过去事实相反的情况。A.hadsaidB.saidC.mightsayD.mighthavesaid2.YesterdayJanewalkedawayfordiscussion,otherwise,she___somethingshewouldregretlater.答案D本句考查的也是含蓄虚拟语气，意思是：如果她参加了讨论，她可能会说出一些后来令她后悔的话。表达了与过去事实相反的情况。二、musthavedone表示对过去已经发生过的情况的肯定推测判断，语气较强，意思是“一定……、肯定……”昨天晚上一定是下雨了，因为今早地面是潮湿的。Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetthismorning.A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen1.Ididn’thearthephone.I____asleep.答案B关键词是didn’t，说明动作发生在过去，所以是对已经发生过的情况的推测判断。A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen2.---Irangyourhomeyesterday.AmanansweredbutIdidn'trecognizethevoice.---On,it___mybrother,Peter.答案B本句的意思是：我昨天向你家里打的电话。这是对过去情况的推测判断，应该用musthavedone结构三、may/mighthavedone也用于对已经发生过的情况的肯定推测判断，但语气稍弱，意思是“可能，或许……”。她没能及时到达那儿。她可能没赶上汽车。Shedidn’tgetthereintime.Shemayhavemissedthebus.他今天没来上课，他可能病了。Hedidn’tcometoschooltoday.Hemighthavebeenill.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will1.Sorry,I’mlate.I____haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.2.Thewindowwasbroken.Tom____havedonethat,forhewasalittlenaughty.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.oughtto四、如果对过去情况推测判断的句子是疑问句和否定句，只能用can／could和can’t,／couldn’t。例如：他不可能去国外，我一个小时前还见到他呢。Hecan’thavegoneabroad;Isawhimanhourago.Hecan’thavegoneabroad;Isawhimanhourago.他不可能去国外，我一个小时前还见到他呢。---Canhehavepassedtheexam?---No,hecan’thave.Hedidn’tworkhard.他通过考试了吗？不，他不可能通过考试。他学习不努力。1.---Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.---It___acomfortablejourney.A.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen根据Theywerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.一句中的时态，应该是对过去情况的推测判断，因为车上已经有5位人了，在带上我一个，可以断定这一定是一次不舒适的旅行。所以，本句表达的是对过去否定的推测判断，应该用can’t/couldhavedone来表达。故答案选D。2.MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterday,sohe____yourlecture.A.couldn’thaveattendedB.needn’thaveattendedC.mustn’thaveattendedD.shouldn’thaveattended根据句意“我妹妹昨天在大剧院见过他”，所以，一定是对过去已经发生的否定的判断，答案选A。3.MyEnglish-Chinesedictionaryhasdisappeared.Who___havetakenit?A.shouldB.mustC.couldD.would本句表达的是对过去发生过的情况的疑问，所以应该用couldhavedone，答案选C。4.Ididn’tseeherinthemeeting-roomthismorning.She____atthemeeting.(1995上海)A.mustn’thavespokenB.shouldn’thavespokenC.needn’thavespokenD.couldn’thavespoken本句表达的是过去已发生情况否定的推测判断，应该用couldn’thavedone，故答案选D。五、含有must/may/might表示对过去情况推测判断的句子，如果变成反意疑问句，若句中带有明显的过去时间的状...
