高中英语语法—句子的成分第四章句子结构及成分一.陈述句,疑问句,祈使句,感叹句........................................................................................................1二.简单句、并列句和复合句......................................................................................................................11）简单句：......................................................................................................................................................12)并列句：.......................................................................................................................................................23）复合句：......................................................................................................................................................2考点：两个主谓结构时，要用连接词，变为并列句或复合句...................................................................3三.句子成分..................................................................................................................................................3四.简单句的五种基本结构........................................................................................................................11基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）...................................................................................................................12基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）.....................................................................................................12基本句型三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）.....................................................................................................13基本句型四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）................................................................................13基本句型五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）....................................................................................146.Therebe句型.............................................................................................................................................15练习：划分句子成分练习.............................................................................................................................16第四章句子结构及成分一.陈述句,疑问句,祈使句,感叹句句子按用途可分四种：1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：Heissixyearsold;Shedidn’thearofyoubefore.2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：Dotheylikeskating?Howoldishe?Ishesixorsevenyearsold?Marycanswim,can’tshe?3）祈使句：表示命令或者请求.又叫无主句，主语通常为you,省略.Becareful,boys;Don’ttalkinclass4）感叹句：how后面加上的是形容词副词.what后面加上的是名词.Howclevertheboyis!Whatacleverboyheis!二.简单句、并列句和复合句句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。e.g.HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.TomandMikeareAmericanboys.Shelikesdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthewallnewspapers.（划线部分为并列谓语，只有一个主语，仍为简单句。）2)并列句：由并列连词（and,but,or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。要注意哟,逗号是不可以连接句子的,这一点和汉语不同.e.g.Youhelphimandhehelpsyou.Thefutureisbright;theroadistortuous.前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。1、表示连接两个同等概念，常用and,notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…,then等连接。e.g.Theteacher’snameisSmith,andthestudent’snameisJohn.2、表示选择，常用的连词有or,either…o...
