cleanedtheblackboard2
closedthewindow————————————————→——→∣∣∣nowhadcleanedtheblackboardclosedthewindowShehadcleanedtheblackboardbeforesheclosedthewindow
Aftershehadcleanedtheblackboard,sheclosedthewindow
drankwaterhadrunoutofbreath1
ranoutofbreath2
drankwaterHehadrunoutofbreathbeforehedrankwater
Afterhehadrunoutofbreath,hedrankwater
————————————————→——→∣∣∣now1
ateanapple2
slept————————————————→——→∣∣∣nowhadeatenanapplesleptShehadeatenanapplebeforesheslept
Aftershehadeatenanapple,sheslept
playedpingpong1
didhishomework————————————————→——→∣∣∣nowplayedpingponghaddonehishomeworkHehaddonehishomeworkbeforeheplayedpingpong
Afterhehaddonehishomework,heplayedPingpong
Discussion:1
ThestructureofthePastperfecttense:(结构)2
ThedefinitionofthePastperfecttense:(定义)主语+had+动词的过去分词(p
)定义:强调过去某一个动作发生在另一个动