Nursingcoursewareforinvasivebreastcancer(Englishversion)目录CONTENTS•Overviewofinvasivebreastcancer•Treatmentofinvasivebreastcancer•Nursingofinvasivebreastcancer•PreventionandearlydetectionofinvasivebreastcancerOverviewofinvasivebreastcancer01DefinitionandTypeDefinitionInvasivebreastcancerisamalignanttumorthathasspreadfromthebreastductstothesurroundingbreasttissue.TypesThereareseveraltypesofinvasivebreastcancer,includinginvasiveductalcarcinoma(IDC)andinvasivelobularcarcinoma(ILC).EtiologyandRiskFactorsEtiologyTheexactcauseofinvasivebreastcancerisunknown,butitisbelievedtobeacombinationofgeneticandenvironmentalfactors.RiskFactorsKnownriskfactorsforinvasivebreastcancerincludeafamilyhistoryofbreastcancer,age,hormonelevels,andlifestylefactorssuchasdietandexercise.DiagnosisandStagingDiagnosisDiagnosisofinvasivebreastcancertypicallyinvolvesaphysicalexamination,mammogram,ultrasound,andbiopsy.StagingStagingisusedtodeterminetheextentofthecancerandtoguidetreatmentdecisions.ThemostcommonstagingsystemistheTNMstagingsystem.Treatmentofinvasivebreastcancer02operationSurgeryThemaintreatmentforinvasivebreastcancerissurgery,whichaimstoremovethetumorandsurroundingtissue.Thetypeofsurgerydependsonthesizeandlocationofthetumor,aswellasthepatient'soverallhealth.MastectomyIncaseswherethetumorislargeorlocatedinadifficultarea,amastectomy(removalofthebreast)mayberequired.Amastectomymaybetotal(removaloftheentirebreast)orpartial(removalofaportionofthebreast).chemotherapyChemotherapyChemotherapyistheuseofdrugstokillcancercells.Itisoftenusedincombinationwithsurgeryandradiationtherapytotreatinvasivebreastcancer.Chemotherapycanbeadministeredthroughintravenousinfusionsortakenasoralmedication.SideeffectsChemotherapycanhavesideeffectssuchasnausea,vomiting,fatigue,hairloss,anddamagetotheimmunesystem.Nursesplayacrucialroleineducatingpatientsaboutchemotherapyandmanagingsideeffectsduringtreatment.radiotherapyRadiotherapySideeffectsRadiotherapyuseshigh-energyradiationtokillcancercells.Itisoftenusedaftersurgerytodestroyanyremainingcancercellsandreducetheriskofrecurrence.Radiotherapycanbeadministeredthroughexternalbeamradiationorbrachytherapy(implantedradiationsources).Radiotherapycancausesideeffectssuchasskinirritation,fatigue,andradiationpneumonitis(lunginflammation).Nursesmonitorpatientsduringradiotherapyandmanageanysideeffectsthatarise.HormonetherapyandtargetedtherapyHormonetherapyTargetedtherapyInsomecases,hormonetherapymaybeusedtotreatinvasivebreastcancer.Thistypeoftherapyblockstheactionofhormonesthatcanencouragethegrowthofcancercells.HormonetherapycanbeTargetedtherapyusesdrugsthattargetspecificproteinsorgeneticmutationsthatdrivethegrowthofcancercells.Targetedtherapyisusuallyadministeredthroughtabletsorintravenousinfusions.VSadministeredthroughtabletsorinjections.Nursingofinvasivebreastcancer03MentalNursingPsychologicalSupport01Providepatientswithemotionalsupportandcounselingtohelpthemcopewiththeemotionalimpactofabreastcancerdiagnosis.Education02Educatepatientsaboutbreastcancer,itstreatment,andpossiblesideeffectstoreducetheiranxietyandfear.MindfulnessandRelaxation03Teachpatientsmindfulnessandrelaxationtechniquestohelpthemmanagestressandimprovetheirmentalwell-being.RehabilitationNursingPhysicalRehabilitationAssistpatientsinregainingtheirphysicalstrengthandendurancethroughexerciseandphysicaltherapy.BreastR...
