雅思阅读-练习一(总分40,考试时间90分钟)Readingpassage1Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-14,whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.Questions1-8ReadingPassage1haselevenmarkedparagraphs,A-K.Choosethecorrectheadingforeachparagraphfromthelistofheadingsbelow.Writethecorrectnumber,i-xiii,inboxes1-8onyouranswersheet.ListofHeadingsihumandifferencesonhumoriisocialfunctionsoflaughteriiithefavorableinfluenceonyourbrainivimportanceofhumortohumanvlaughterandhumanemotionvilaughterandhumorviinewtherapiestohumanpsychologicaldiseasesviiiimprovementofyourhealthixresearchonphysicalhealthbylookingathumorxconnectionbetweenlaughterandsomebrainareaxibrainwaveresponsestooutsidechangexiirequirementofkeepingfreshxiiidiversityofbrainfunctions1.ParagraphC2.ParagraphD3.ParagraphE4.ParagraphF5.ParagraphG6.ParagraphH7.ParagraphI8.ParagraphJHumanAndHumorRebeccaRothAEverybodysmilesandlaughsatsometimeoranother.Thefirstlaughterappearsatabout3.5to4monthsofagebeforeweareabletospeak.Theaverageadultlaughs17timesaday.Evenmonkeysandapeshavesomefacialexpressionsthataresimilartohumansmiles.Butreally,whydowelaugh?BAlthoughthereisconsiderableinformationontheneuronalrepresentationofspeech,littleisknownaboutbrainmechanismsoflaughter.Whilemanyresearchershavetrackedthebrainmechanismsofdepression,fearandanger,theyhaveignoredpositiveemotionsandhavejustbeguntostudyhumor.Theirinvestigationsaresheddingsomelightonhowthebrainprocesseshumorandpromptslaughter.CTakethisjokeforinstance：HowmanyBrynMawrcollegestudentsdoesittaketochangealightbulb?Answer：None,theywereallsobusystudyingthattheydidn'tevennoticethelightwasout.Ifyoufoundthisoldjokefunny,youwillgetsomeactivitygoingoninthebrain.Investigationsintohowhumorandlaughterinfluencethebrainareleadingtoaclearerunderstandingofhowpositiveemotionsaffectbrainmechanisms.Thisinturnmayleadtocreativeideasfornewtherapiesforemotiondisordersandpain.DThephysiologicalstudyoflaughterhasitsownname."gelotology".Researchhasshownthatlaughingismorethanjustaperson'svoiceandmovement.Laughterrequiresthecoordinationofmanymusclesthroughoutthebody.Laughterincreasesbloodpressuresometimeswhileprovidesaboosttotheimmunesystem.Itmaybeagoodwayforpeopletorelaxbecausemuscletensionisreducedafterlaughing.Humantestshavefoundsomeevidencethathumorousvideosandtapescanreducefeelingsofpain,preventnegativestressreactionsandboostthebrain'sbiologicalbattleagainstinfection.Morestudiesareneededinthisfieldtouncoverwhetherhumororsome**ponentsuchasdistraction,isthepredominantfactorintheseresults.EResearchersbelieveweprocesshumorandlaughterthroughacomplexpathwayofbrainactivity.Inonenewstudy,researchersusedimagingequipmenttophotographthebrainactivityofhealthyvolunteerswhiletheyunderwentasidesplittingassignmentofreadingwrittenjokes,viewingcartoonsfromTheNewYorkermagazineaswellasTheFarSideandlisteningtodigitalrecordingsoflaughter.Preliminaryresultsindicatethatthehumor-processingpathwayincludespartsofthefrontallobebrainarea,importantforcognitiveprocessing;thesupplementarymotorarea,importantformovement；andthenucleusaccumbens,associatedwithpleasure.Investigationssupportthenotionthatpartsofthefrontallobeareinvolvedinhumor.Subjects'brainswereimagedwhiletheylistenedtojokes.Thefrontallobewasactivatedonlywhentheythoughtajokewasfunny.Astudy**paredhealthyindividualswithpeoplewhohaddamagetotheirfrontallobes,thesubjectswiththedamagedoneswere...
