MODULE4MyfamilyPart2:TeachingResources第二部分教学资源Section1:BackgroundReadings1.havegot用法一览表句型例句．．．havegot．．．IthinkIhavegotone．（B3，L1）解析（1）现在完成时结构havegot在口语中相当于一般现在时have的意义，表示“有”。不过，在美国英语中常用have，而在英国英语中则常用havegot。他有一个兄弟。Hehasgotabrother．（英式）＝Hehasabrother．（美式）⑵这两种表达结构在问句方式上略有不同，现在完成时结构只有一种疑问方式，即：Have／Has．．．got．．．？而一般现在时结构有两种疑问方式，即：Do／Does．．．have．．．？或Have／Has．．．？你有一把雨伞吗？Haveyougotan①umbrella？Doyouhavean②umbrella？Haveyouan③umbrella？注意这两种结构疑问句的回答略有不同。—Haveyougota①dictionary？—Yes，Ihave．／No，Ihaven't．—Doyouhavea②dictionary？—Yes，Ido．／No，Idon't．考点链接1．Doyouhaveamotorbike？（同义句）→youamotorbike？2．Idon'thaveamobilephonelikethat．→Iamobilephonelikethat．3．Paulhasapocketcomputer，doesn'the？→Paulhasapocketcomputer，he？Keys：1．Have，got2．haven'tgot3．got，hasn't2.Whatisafamily?AfamilyofOuagadougou,BurkinaFasoin1997Afamilyisadomesticgroupofpeople,oranumberofdomesticgroups,typicallyaffiliatedbybirthormarriage,orbycomparablelegalrelationshipsincludingdomesticpartnership,adoption,surnameandinsomecasesownership(aswasthecaseintheRomanEmpire).Althoughmanypeople(includingsocialscientists)haveunderstoodfamilialrelationshipsintermsof"blood,"manyanthropologistshavearguedthatthenotionof"blood"mustbeunderstoodmetaphorically,andinthatinmanysocietiesfamilyisunderstoodthroughotherconceptsratherthan"blood."Article16(3)oftheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRightssays,"ThefamilyisthenaturalandfundamentalgroupunitofsocietyandisentitledtoprotectionbysocietyandtheState".3.EnglishkinshipterminologyMostWesternsocietiesemployEnglishkinshipterminology.Thiskinshipterminologyiscommoninsocietiesbasedonconjugal(ornuclear)families,wherenuclearfamiliesmustberelativelymobile.Membersofthenuclearfamilyusedescriptivekinshipterms:●Mother:thefemaleparent●Father:themaleparent●Son:themalesbornofthemother;siredbythefather●Daughter:thefemalesbornofthemother;siredbythefather●Brother:amalebornofthesamemother;siredbythesamefather●Sister:afemalebornofthesamemother;siredbythesamefatherItisgenerallyassumedthatthemother'shusbandisalsothegenitor.Insomefamilies,awomanmayhavechildrenwithmorethanonemanoramanmayhavechildrenwithmorethanonewoman.Childrenwhoshareoneparentbutnotanotherarecalled"half-brothers"or"half-sisters."Childrenwhodonotshareparents,butwhoseparentsaremarried,arecalled"step-brothers"or"step-sisters."Ifapersonismarriedtotheparentofachild,butisnottheparentofthechildthemselves,thentheyarethe"step-parent"ofthechild,eitherthe"stepmother"or"stepfather".Childrenwhoareadoptedintoafamilyaregenerallycalledbythesametermsaschildrenbornintothefamily.Typically,societieswithconjugalfamiliesalsofavorneolocalresidence;thusuponmarriageapersonseparatesfromthenuclearfamilyoftheirchildhood(familyoforientation)andformsanewnuclearfamily(familyofprocreation).Thispracticemeansthatmembersofone'sownnuclearfamilywereoncemembersofanothernuclearfamily,ormayonedaybecomemembersofanothernuclearfamily.Membersofthenuclearfamiliesofmembersofone'sownnuclearfamilymaybelinealorcollateral.Whentheyarelineal,theyarereferredtointermsthatbuildonthetermsusedwithinthenuclearfamily:●Grandfather:aparent'sfather●Grandmother:aparent...
