zxxkw学科网学.科.网语态：表示语态：表示主语主语和和谓语动词谓语动词之间的关系。之间的关系。英语有英语有两种语态两种语态，即，即主动语态主动语态和和被动语态被动语态。。主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。如：ManystudentsstudyEnglish.(主动语态)Englishisstudiedbymanystudents.(被动语态)语态语态zxxkw学科网肯定句肯定句：主语＋：主语＋be+be+过去分词＋过去分词＋(by~)(by~)否定句否定句：主语＋：主语＋benotbenot＋过去分词＋＋过去分词＋(by~)(by~)一般疑问句一般疑问句：：BeBe＋主语＋过去分词＋＋主语＋过去分词＋(by~)?(by~)?特殊疑问句特殊疑问句：：疑问词＋疑问词＋bebe＋主语＋过去分词＋＋主语＋过去分词＋(by~)(by~)被动语态的被动语态的时态时态是由是由bebe的时态的时态决定的，决定的，bebe是什么时态，全句就是什么是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，时态，bebe动词后面的过去分词不变。动词后面的过去分词不变。bymanystudents.Englishisstudiedbymanystudents.Englishisnotstudiedzxxkwbymanystudents.1.ManystudentsstudyEnglish.Englishisstudied2.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoesaremadebytheminthatfactory.1.1.把主动语态的把主动语态的宾语宾语变为被动语态的变为被动语态的主语主语。。2.2.把主动语态的把主动语态的谓语谓语变为被动语态的变为被动语态的谓语谓语。。3.3.把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的byby短语。（短语。（①①byby短语可以省。短语可以省。②②byby短语短语后跟代词的宾格。）后跟代词的宾格。）bytheteacher.3.Theteacheroften3.Theteacheroftenasksaskshimhimquestions.questions.Heisaskedquestionszxxkw1.找宾语----即动作的承受者Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数----即be动词的单复数.aremade3.判断动词的时态----即be动词的时态.4.修改谓语的时态----即原句动词改为过去分词5.修改原句的主语----即by+主语/宾语.bythem.主变被解题步骤宾变主,主变宾,前加by动变被,看清be,结构分别be+pp助动词be有人称、数的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时一样。如：Thedeskismadeofwood.Thedesksaremadeofwood.Heisaskedaquestionbytheteacher.被动语态的结构am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词1.一般现在时的被动语态结构：zxxkw1.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm．bythemlastterm.2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：was/were+过去分词lastyear.2.2.WeWeplantedplantedmanytreesmanytreeslastyear.lastyear.ManytreeswereplantedTencomputerswerebought3.一般将来时的被动语态结构：willbe+过去分词1.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.bythemintendays.Theworkwillbefinished2.Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.4.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：can/may/must/should+be+过去分词1.AmycantakegoodcareofGina．byAmy.Ginacanbetakengoodcareof2.You2.Youshoulddrinkshoulddrinkmorewater.morewater.MorewaterMorewatershouldbedrunkshouldbedrunkbyyou.byyou.5.5.现在进行时的被动语态的结构现在进行时的被动语态的结构is/am/are+beingis/am/are+being＋过去分词＋过去分词1.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow．bysomeworkersnow.Theroomsarebeingpainted2.He2.HeiswatchingiswatchingTV.TV.TVTVisbeingwatchedisbeingwatchedbyhim.byhim.6.6.现在完成时的被动语态的结构现在完成时的被动语态的结构have/hashave/has＋＋beenbeen＋过去分词＋过去分词1.Wehavemadetwentymorekeys．byus.Twentymorekeyshavebeenmade2.We2.Wehavefinishedhavefinishedourcompositionsourcompositions..OurcompositionsOurcompositionshavebeenfinishedhavebeenfinishedbyus.byus.表格：被动态基本结构时态被动语态结构一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时am/is/aredonewas/weredoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdoneshall/willbedonewouldbedonehave/hasbeendonehadbeendoneSuchb...
