人教版英语八年级下Unit4学案4Unit4HesaidIwashard-working.1.语法清单。宾语从句（直接引语变间接引语）1.直接引语变间接引语：将一个人直接说出的话（直接引语）变为由他人或自己转述（间接引语），也就是变成宾语从句的过程。eg:Hesaid,”Ilikeitverymuch..”(直接引语)Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.(间接引语)主句宾语从句2.怎么变？----------时态、语序、人称、引导词、时间状语、地点状语都要跟着变化。简而言之：判断一个宾语从句，可依循下列“三看”：一看语序要正确（必须是陈述语序，即主谓不倒装，助动词和be动词不能提到主语之前）；二看时态要一致（遵循前后一致的原则，主句为过去时，从句用过去的某种时态（客观真理和事实除外）主句为一般现在时，从句时态则须具体分析而定）；三看引导词和其他（引导词可根据句意确定，时间地点要符合当时的情境）eg：Doyouknow__________,Mike?-----OnMay12th,2008.A.whentheearthquaketookplaceinWenchuanB.whendidtheearthquaketakeplaceinWenchuanC.whentheearthquakewilltakeplaceinWenchuan分析：一看语序：B选项语序不是陈述语序，助动词did放在了主语theearthquake之前，先被排除；二看时态：主句为一般现在时，从句时态根据情况而定，而地震发生的时间在过去，初步选项为A；三看引导词和其他：根据回答可看出引导词应为when，确定答案为A。请你用“三看”规律来做下题：eg:Thepolicemanaskedthelittleboy__________.A．wheredidheliveB.wheredoesheliveC.wherehelivedD.wherehelives3.具体变化1).陈述句可加引导词that（也可不加），再变化人称、时态和其他。(把下列直接引语变间接引语)1.Lucysaid：“IamgoodatEnglish”.→Lucysaid(that)shewasgoodatEnglish.2.“LiLeiisreadingabook.”PetersaidtoLucy.→3.“Icanrideabiketoschool.”Lanasaid.→4.“Tomorrowwewillhaveafootballmatch,”Hetoldhismother.→5.Theboysaid：“TheygotoschooleverydayexceptSaturday.”→2)一般疑问句先加引导词if或whether，再将疑问句变成陈述句语序，再变化人称、时态和其他。（主句动词如果是said,则要改为asked）(把下列直接引语变间接引语)1.Hesaidtome,”CanIcopyyourhomework?”→Heaskedmeifhecouldcopymyhomework..2.Hesaid,”Areyouinterestedinmusic?”→3.Hewondered(想知道),”Isitgoingtoraintomorrow?”→4.Mymotheraskedme,”Willyoumeetyourfather?”→3)特殊疑问句直接将特殊疑问词当作引导词，再将疑问句变成陈述句语序，再变化人称、时态和其他。(把下列直接引语变间接引语)1.Heaskedme,”WhatcanIdoforyou?”→Heaskedmewhathecoulddoforme.2.Myfatheraskedme,”WhereisyourIDcard?”→3.Tomaskedlana,”Whatcolordoyoulike?”→4.Iaskedhim,”Whereshallwemeettomorrow?”→5.PeteraskedJim,”Whoisyourbestfriend?”→4）祈使句如果是肯定句，则变成ask/tell/order(命令)sbtodosth的形式；如果是否定句，则变成ask/tell/order(命令)sbnottodosth的形式；1.Shesaidtoherstudents,”Don’tcopyothers’homework..”→Sheaskedherstudentsnottocopyothers’homework..2.Lanasaidtoherdaughter,”Becareful!”→3.Lanatoldthestudents,”Don’trun!”→4.MrszhaosaidtoClass10,”Workhard!”→5.MrsYangsaidtoClass9,”Don’ttalkinclass!”→5)客观真理和事实不变时态，引述的事情到现在仍然是事实时也不用变化时态。1.Hesaid,”Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”→Hesaidlighttravelsfasterthansound.2.Thegeographyteachersaid,”Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”→2.词组清单。1.肥皂剧soapopera2.为某人举行一个令人惊喜的派对haveasurprisepartyforsb3.对。。。感到生气（两个）bemadat/beangrywith4.不再not…anymore5.带来。。。给某人bringsthtosb6.另人激动的一周anexcitingweek7.首先firstofall8.传递某物给某人（两种）passsbsth/passsthtosb9.传递passon10.被期望/要求去做。。。besupposedtodosth11.（更）擅长于做某事begood(better)atdoingsth12.在。。。方面做得（更）好dowell(better)insth13.近况...
