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专题一动词和动词短语语法专题动词的辨析动词短语的考查要点易错易混点语法填空语法与写作1动词的辨析动词包括连系动词、及物动词和不及物动词、持续性动词与非持续性动词，是高考考查的重点，无论是语法填空还是完形填空等题型中，动词辨析的比重都很大，并有逐年增加的趋势。动词辨析主要指：1．词形相近的动词之间的辨析。如：lie，lay；rise，raise；sit，seat等。2．意义相近的动词之间的辨析。如：borrow，lend；speak，say，talk；hope，wish等。3．动词与其他词形相近、意义相似的词的辨析。如：advise，advice；cost，worth；pass，past等。4．意义不同但容易混淆的动词的辨析。如：explain，say；discover，invent；uncover，find等。5．某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨析。如：ask，give，call，make，get，keep，want，see，hear等。6．某些常用动词短语的辨析。如：givein，giveup；turnon，turnoff，turndown，turnup等。选词填空A.remind，negotiate，fail，limit，order1．Williamfounditincreasinglydifficulttoread，forhiseyesightwasbeginningto.2．Ifyoudon’tlikethedrinkyoujustleaveitandtryadifferentone.3．Mary，IJohnofhispromisetohelpyou.4．Knowledgeandlearningareimportantifwewanttobesuccessful，buttheymayalsoourthinking.5．Thegovernmentrefusestowithterrorists.题组训练1failorderedremindedlimitnegotiateB.open，accumulate，reserve，earn，deny6．Clinicalevidencebeganto，suggestingthatthenewdrugshadawiderrangeofusefulactivitiesthanhadbeenpredictedfromexperimentsinanimals.7．—Areyoustillmadather?—Notreally，butIcan’tthatherremarkshurtme.8．I’dprefertomyjudgmentuntilIfindalltheevidence.9．Youareoldenoughtoyourownliving.10．IabankaccountafterImade﹩1,000bydoingaparttimejobduringthesummervacation.accumulatedenyreserveearnopened2动词短语的考查要点动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。需掌握以下要点：1．根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规律。(1)动词＋副词(不及物)Tomturnedupafterthepartywheneveryonehadleft.(2)动词＋副词(及物)Pleaseturneverylightinthehouseoff.注意：①如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。Sheturnedoffallthelightswhichhadbeenlefton.②如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。Shegavethemaway.(3)动词＋介词(及物)Youshouldlearntocareaboutothers.注意：当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面。(4)动词＋副词＋介词Ilookforwardtoseeingyousoon.注意：“动词＋介词”、“动词＋名词＋副词”、“动词＋副词＋介词”，这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态，不可漏掉介词。Inthiswaybothgrainandvegetablescanbewelllookedafter.(不能漏掉after)2．熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的差异。(1)同一动词和不同介词搭配时意义上的差异。①hearfrom收到……的来信hearof听说②lookafter照料lookat看lookfor寻找(2)同一动词和不同副词搭配时意义上的差异。①ringback回电话ringoff挂断电话ringup打电话②putaway放好，收起puton穿上；上演putup挂起；举起(3)不同动词和同一介词搭配时意义上的差异。lookfor寻找askfor请求waitfor等候sendfor派人去叫(4)不同动词和同一副词搭配时意义上的差异。①breakout发生；爆发carryout进行；开展goout熄灭handout分发letout放出lookout当心sellout卖完setout出发takeout取出workout算出②breakdown坏了comedown落下来getdown下车takedown取下writedown写下选词填空A.speedup，workout，putupwith，bringdown1．Ican___________thehousebeinguntidy，butIhateitifit’snotclean.2．Weaimto___________thecostofdailylife.3．Theyarebroadeningthebridgeto________theflowoftraffic.4．Youcan’tpredicteverything.Oftenthingsdon’t________asyouexpect.题组训练2putupwithbringdownspeedupworkoutB.careabout，bringup，turndown，putup5．—Youlookupset...