语法精讲——直接引语和间接引语一、直接引语和间接引语的定义：引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出别人的原话，被引用的句子__________；一是用自己的话报导别人的话，被报导的部分叫做________。二、直接引语变间接引语需要注意的几点：各种句式变换;从句_______变化;人称变化;_________、地点副词、少数动词和__________的变化。1）各种句式变换1.直接引语是陈述句时间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），主句的引述动词主要有say,tell,repeat,explain,think等。如：Hesaid,“I’mverybusy.”Hesaid(that)hewasverybusy.注意：如果直接引语是表示___________时，变为间接引语，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：Theteachersaid,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”→Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.2.直接引语是疑问句时间接引语为__________：主句的谓语动词say改为_____,或改为wonder,donotknow,wanttoknow,benotsure,bepuzzled等。（1）一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为______________引导的宾语从句。如：Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspapers?”→Sheaskedmeif(whether)Ioftenwenttheretoreadnewspapers.Haveatry：Direct→IndirectSpeech1.Lily:CanakangaroojumphigherthantheEmpireStateBuilding?Jim:Yes,becausetheEmpireStateBuildingcan'tjump!________________________________________________________2.Susan:Aren'tyouwearingyourweddingringonthewrongfinger?Jane:YesIam,Imarriedthewrongwoman.________________________________________________________（2）选择疑问句变为__________________宾语从句。如：Iaskedhim,“Willyoustayathomeorgotoafilmtonight?”→Iaskedhimwhetherhewouldstayathomeorgotoafilmthatnight.Haveatry：Direct→IndirectSpeechAverydrunkmancomesoutofthebarandseesanotherverydrunkman.Helooksupintheskyandsays,"Isthatthesunorthemoon?"Theotherdrunkmananswers,"Idon'tknow.I'mastrangerheremyself."Thefirstdrunkmanasked___________________________________________________________________________________（3）特殊疑问句变为who/what/when等疑问词引导的宾语从句,注意使用_________________如：Georgesaid,“WhenwillyougetbackfromShanghai,Mike?”→GeorgeaskedwhenMikewouldgetbackfromShanghai.Haveatry：Direct→IndirectSpeech1.Lynn:Wheredoyoufindgiantsnails?Lucy:Ontheendsoftheirfingers.Lynnasked____________________________________________2.Lynn:Whyis"U"thehappiestletter?Lucy:Becauseitisinthemiddleof"fun".Lynnasked________________________________________(4).直接引语是祈使句时：祈使句变为间接引语的规律一改（_______________）二变（呼语为宾语）三加（___________）四去（please）1.said/saidto要变成begged/advised/asked/told/ordered/warned等可跟不定式作宾补的动词。2.呼语变宾语，please要去掉.3._______开头的祈使句。Haveatry:Multiplechoices1.Themansaidtome,“Pleasesendforadoctornow!”Theman____me____foradoctor____.A.ordered⋯tosend⋯thenB.told⋯send⋯nowC.asked⋯tosend⋯thenD.asked⋯send⋯now2.Themothersaid,“Befriendlytoothers,son.”Themother______friendlytoothers.A.askedhersonbeB.orderedhersontobeC.toldhersonbeD.toldhersontobe(5).直接引语是感叹句时间接引语为what或how引导，也可以用that引导。如：Shesaid,"Whatalovelydayitis!”→Shesaid/exclaimedwhatalovelydayitwas.Shesaidthatitwasalovelyday.补充：除了say,间接引语谓语动词可根据语义选择其它动词。?“Ididit.”?Headmittedthathehaddoneit.?“Hewasrudetome.”?Shecomplainedhe’dbeenrudetoher.?“Youarelate.”?HewhisperedthatIwaslate.?“Icanspeaksixlanguages.”Heboastedhecouldspeaksixlanguages.2）从句时态变化：如主句谓语动词为过去时，则间接引语中的动词应变为______________。（完成下表）一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时一般将...
