Grammar-the-attributive-clauseVIP专享VIP免费

GrammarTheAttributiveClause五种简单句型1.S+Vi2.S+Vt+O3.S+V(系动词)+P4.S+Vt+O(间宾)+O(直宾)5.S+Vt+O+OC(宾补)1.Heworkedinafactory.2.Hevisitedmeyesterday.3.Iamateacher./Iamveryhappy.4.Igavehimsomemoney.5.Wethinkthejobeasy.一、定语从句的基本定义放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的词叫先行词。TheboywhoisreadingisTom.先行词关系代词Hospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks.先行词关系副词二、关系词1.关系词的作用（1）连接主从句（2）指代先行词在从句中充当成分二.关系词的分类1.关系代词2.关系副词关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，常用的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when,where,why三.关系代词的基本用法和注意点1.关系代词的基本用法关系代词指代的先行词充当从句的成分who人主语、宾语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语、表语whose人或物定语①who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。Theman(whom)InoddedtoisMr.Li.③which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.④that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。作宾语时，可省略。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Sheisnotthegirlthatshewas.⑤whose指人或物,在定语从句中作定语。不可省略。Weliveinahousewhosewindowsfacesouth.Thisisthelittlegirlwhoseparentswerekilledinthegreatearthquake.2.关系代词的用法注意点(1)that和which都可以指物，但以下7种情况只能用that不能用which。①当先行词中有人又有物时。如：Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?②当先行词为不定代词all,one,few,little,no,some,any,everything,nothing,nobody,none等时。如：ThisisallthatIwantfromtheschool.③当先行词被theonly,just,thevery,theright,last,any,all,every,no等修饰时。如：ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingforthesedays.④当先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。如：TheTVtoweristhehighestbuildingthathasbeenbuiltinthiscity.ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.⑤当主句是以who或是which开头的特殊疑问句时WhowantstoborrowthebookthatIboughtyesterday?⑥关系代词在定语从句中作tobe的表语时Tomisnottheboythatheusedtobe.ThisisthesamebikethatIlosttwoweeksago.⑦先行词前有such或thesame修饰，先行词和关系代词指同一物时（2）which和that都指物时，只用which不用that的情况有2种。①当关系代词前有介词时Thisisthehouseinwhichheoncelived.②当先行词本身就是that时Thatwhichyoutoldhimprovedtobetrue.(3)that和who都可以指人，但下面三种情况，只用who。①先行词为指人的不定代词时，如all,anyone,one,ones,none,nobody,anybody等。Allwhoheardthenewswereexcited.②先行词为those,he和people时。如：Thosewhowanttogopleasesignyournameshere.HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.③在therebe句型中，先行词是人时Thereisamanwhoasksforyou.(3)whose引导的定语从句注意点①whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。②whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。如：Thebossinwhosedepartmentheworkedhadheardthenews.他工作所在部门的老板已经听说了这个消息。④whose的先行词指物时，可用ofwhich代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich，或=ofwhich+the+名词。如：Thenovelwhosetitle(=thetitleofwhich或ofwhichthetitle)isRedandBlackisveryinteresting.③whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。⑤whose的先行词指人时，可用ofwhom代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhom，或=ofwhom+the+名词。如...