SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。虚拟语气(TheSubjectiveMood)IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifitrained/shouldrain/weretoraintomorrow,Iwouldnotgo.IfIhadfollowedyouradvice,Iwouldhavesucceeded.条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去将来did/werehaddonewould/could/should/might+V(原)would/could/should/might+havedone1.did/were2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)一).If条件状语从句中虚拟语气的用法。IwishIabird.wereIwish/wished（没吃)somuchwatermelon.Ihadn’teatenIwishitwouldraintomorrow.二).虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法1.wish的宾语从句主语+did/were现在主语+haddone过去主语+would/could/might+do将来should2.wouldrather(that)Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadattendedthemeetingyesterday.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.主语+did/were现在/将来主语+haddone过去Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)trytolosehisweight.Heinsistedthatwe(should)tellhimthenews.3.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气。从句中使用“（should）+动词原形”的结构。宾语从句中常见动词:一个坚持,两个命令,三个建议,四个要求。即1).insist2).order,command3).advise,suggest,propose4).demand,require,request,ask三）.凡是与“表示要求,命令,建议”意义相同的词，用于名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）中均要使用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”结构Mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown.It’srequiredthatthestudentsshouldlearnaforeignlanguage.asif/thoughShelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Irememberedthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.（让步状语从句）Itseemsasifitwerespring.（表语从句）主语+did/were现在主语+haddone过去主语+would/could/might+do将来四）asif/though引导的从句的虚拟用法1.Withoutair,therewouldbenolivingthings.2.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise/Or,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.3.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedtheworksosoon.4.Withamilliondollars,whatwouldyoudo?注意：Otherwise/Or前面的一个句子表示真实的，该是什么时态就用什么时态；但后面的句子必须用虚拟语气。He_________(打电话)toinformmeofyourbirthdayyesterday,orI______________(会知道)nothingaboutit.telephonedwouldhaveknown五）含蓄条件句有时为了表达的需要,在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句,而通过其他手段来代替条件句.常用的介词或短语有：without，with,or,otherwise，butfor(要不是)等。虚拟语气的形式和if的主句相同。would/could/might/shoulddo(现在,将来)would/could/might/shouldhavedone(过去）六）错综时间条件句：当条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句的谓语动词所发生的时间不一致时,叫做“错综条件虚拟语气句”。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照各自假设的时间而定。Ifyouhadlistenedtome,youwouldn'tbeinsuchtroublenow.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.1.Ifyouwereolder,I____youtogothereyesterday.A.willallowB.shouldallowC.wouldhaveallowedD.wouldallow2.Ifyou_______________（努力学习）before,you__________（就是）acollegestudentnow.（study，be）hadstudiedhardwouldbeIt’s(about/high)timethatsb过去式或Should(不省)+V.It’shightimethatyouwent.=It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.It’stimethatwewenttobed.=It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.七).表示“是某人该做某事的时候了”的句型八).Ifonly···引导的感叹句，表“要是…就好了”其虚拟语气的构成与wish后的宾语从句相同。IfonlyIfonlyIwereabird!IfonlyIhadn’teatensomuchwatermelonIfonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!Ifonlyitwouldraintomorrow.主语+did/were现在主语+haddone过去主语+would/could/might+do将来九）.It’svital/essential/strange/natural/important/necessary/impossible···that从句中要用虚拟语气,即:should+v(原形)Itisvitalthatweshouldcarryouttheplanatonce.Itisimportantthatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty.It’snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard.
