PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO第1课人类的形成PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO中国人说•俗说天地开辟,未有人民,女娲抟黄土做人PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO西方人说•神说:“要有光。”就有了光。——《圣经》PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO•神就照着自己的形像造人——《圣经》PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO猿人进化•人类到底是如何出现的呢?PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO它和我们有共同的祖先PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO它/他是人还是猿?•南方古猿头骨复原PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO和真正的猿相比,毕竟是不同的。PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO•人类学家几乎都同意,两足行走是区分人和猿的重要标志。PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO•起来!不愿做猩猩的猿们。PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO•我们看见的只是一些不会说话的骨骼,不可能看见猿人的动作,考古学家怎么会知道他们是直立行走的呢?PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO方法1:看看腿和脚PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO•方法2:看看后脑勺PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO早期猿人•坦桑尼亚奥都威峡谷“能人”PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO能人的作品PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO晚期猿人•北京人头骨及头部复原像PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO早期智人•尼安德特人PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO我很丑,可是我很聪明PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO晚期智人•山顶洞人PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO•法国克罗马农人PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO难以想象它出自冰河时期的原始人之手PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO会画画的大脑果然不一样!晚期猿人和智人头骨比较PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO人种出现•晚期智人阶段,三大人种形成PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO白种人PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO黄种人PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO黑种人PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO人类社会的历史开始后,人类最初经历的是什么社会?•氏族社会氏族,是按同一祖先的亲属关系结合在一起的社会集团,是原始人的社会组织和经济组织的基本单位。PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO原始人类为什么过着群居生活?PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO•生产水平低下•联合才能生存PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO•氏族•氏族•氏族•氏族•氏族•氏族•氏族•氏族•氏族•氏族•氏族•氏族胞族胞族胞族胞族部落PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO氏族社会父系氏族社会母系氏族社会PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO你知道吗?•母系氏族和父系氏族有什么不同?①母系氏族公社妇女在社会中占主导地位,父系氏族公社男子在社会中占主导地位。②母系氏族时期,人们“只知其母,不知其父”,父系氏族时期,人们“既知其母,又知其父”。③父系氏族公社后期,生产力进一步提高,出现了私有制和奴隶制,原始社会开始解体。PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO•父系氏族社会再发展下去,就会出现什么?国家PresentedByPresentedByHarryMills/HarryMills/PRESENTATIONPROPRESENTATIONPRO