物理电气信息学院宁夏大学本科毕业论文1毕业设计(2016届)题目基于单片机的智能跟踪小车的设计以及实现学院物理电气信息学院专业电气工程与自动化年级2012级学生学号12012242019学生姓名段春瑞指导教师白娜2016年5月12日2基于单片机的智能跟踪的小车及实现摘要智能车辆作为现代社会的新产物,并且在智能车辆开发出来的各种功能如跟踪、循迹、避障、自动停泊等,这些功能让生产工作,日常生活变得更加智能,自动化程度更进一步。目前,关于智能小车的研究越来越成为社会关注的焦点。这次的毕业设计是将STC89C52单片机为核心,由直流电机作为驱动,通过红外线传感器来发出跟踪信号,来实现智能小车的跟踪功能。论文先对自动跟踪功能做了整体的介绍,然后对小车的硬件如单片机,传感器做了介绍。最后在理解硬件的原理的基础上,使用C语言编程和Keil软件与烧写软件实现自动跟踪的功能。关键词:自动跟踪单片机红外传感器3AbstractIntelligentvehicleasanewproductofmodernsociety,andonthebasisofintelligentvehicledevelopedproductshavebecomeautomatedlogisticstransportation,flexibleproductionorganizationsystemofkeyequipment,researchanddevelopmentofintelligentcarisbecomingthefocusofattention.ThisdesignisbasedonSTC89C52RCsingle-chipmicrocomputerascontrolcore,asbyDCmotordrive,throughinfraredsensorstosignaltracking,torealizetheintelligentcartracing.Paperfirstmadetheoverallintroductiontotheautomatictrackingfunction,andthentothecarhardwaresuchassinglechipmicrocomputer,sensorispresented.Thenonthebasisofunderstandingtheprincipleofhardware,usingClanguageprogrammingandtheKeilsoftwareandburningsoftwaretoachievethefunctionofautomatictracking.Keywords:AutomatictrackingSinglechipmicrocomputerInfraredsensor4目录1.绪论.............................................................61.1课题研究背景.................................................61.2国内外发展状况...............................................61.3智能跟踪小车的研究目的.......................................61.4课题研究的意义...............................................72.小车的功能以及设计...............................................82.1智能跟踪小车的设计要求.......................................82.2小车的主要功能...............................................83.智能跟踪小车的硬件设计..........................................103.1智能跟踪小车的硬件组成......................................103.2STC89C52RC单片机的电路以及引脚介绍..........................103.3电机驱动模块.................................................123.4传感器模块...................................................133.5电源供电系统.................................................153.6LCD1602液晶显示模块.........................................164.自动跟踪系统的软件设计..........................................174.1开发软件KeiluVision5与STC-ISP的介绍........................174.2跟踪系统主程序分析...........................................184.3电机驱动程序.................................................194.4红外传感器程序...............................................204.5LCD1602液晶显示程序.........................................2055.功能测试.........................................................225.1智能跟踪小车的功能测试.......................................225.2发现问题与解决问题的方案.....................................226.结论和展望......................................................236.1结论........................................................236.2展望........................................................23参考...