美国文学选读第三版课后习题答案陶洁(部分)Unit1BenjaminFranklinTheAutobiography1.WhydidFranklinwritehisAutobiography?Franklinsaysthatbecausehissonmaywishtoknowabouthislife,heistakinghisoneweekvacationintheEnglishcountrysidetorecordhispast.Healsosaysthathehasenjoyedhislifeandwouldliketorepeatit.参考：TheAutobiographyisabookwhichcontainsthewisdomandsuccessinlifestruggle,andunitesthetruemeaningofgoodnessandmorality.Itisregardedasabookthatchangesmanypeople'sfatesintermsofAmericanDream.Asweallknow,BenjaminFranklinislabeledasaself-mademanandthefirstgreatmanofletters.TheAutoniographyalsomakesseveral"firsts":Thefirstpopularself-helpbookeverpublished;ThefirstmajorsecularAmericanAutobiography;ThefirstrealaccountoftheAmericanDreamaction.Hemadesomanyachievements,butthereasonweshouldalsobeawareof.AsfarasIamconcerned,thecelebritieswriteautobiographytomakepeopleunderstandthemselvesandinspirefuturegenerations.Besides,hemaywanttobeimmortalinthehistory.However,inTheAutobiography,FranklinwantstolecturehissonaswellastheAmericanswhoholdsadreamtofightagainstdifficultiesinthewaytosuccess.Specifically,itcanbedividedintoseveralparts.In1771,FranklinwasstayingatChilbolton,inthehouseofBishopJonanthanShipleynearTwyfordinHampshire.Shipleywasapro-AmericanbishopamongtheBritishBishops.HeandhislargefamilylovedFranklinandregardedhimasamoderndaySocrates.TheyfoundFranklin'sanecdotesofhischildhoodremarkableandinsistedthatheshouldtelltheworldthestoryofhislife.Withtheirencouragement,FranklinwrotethefirstpartofhisAutobiography.InPartOne,FranklinaddressedhissonWilliam,whowasroyalGovernorofNewJersey,astheaudience.TheoutbreakoftheRevolutionin1776madeanyplanforthememoirsimpossible.In1784whenhedidhavesometimetoresumethenarrative,FranklinhadleftthemanuscriptofthefirstpartintheUnitedStatesandcouldnotrememberwherehehadstoppedlasttime.Moreimportantly,FranklinhadbeenestrangedfromhissonwhohadtakenthesideofBritishgovernment.TheAutobiographynowtookamorepublictone.Franklinwasmoreawareofhispublicimage:someofhisadvisersandfriendsurgedhimtotellhowherosetoworldrenown.What'smore,itestablishesinliteraryformthefirstexampleofthefulfilmentoftheAmericanDream.FranklindemonstratesthepossibilitiesoflifeintheNewWorldthroughhisownrisefromthelowermiddleclassasayouthtooneofthemostadmiredmenintheworldasanadult.ItpresentsAmericanstodaywithagreatherofromthepastwhohelpedestablishthetraditionoftheAmericanDream.HeestablishedTheAutobiographyasaworkthatismeanttonotonlytellaboutaperson'sownlifebutalsotoeducatethereaderinwaystobetterlivelife.2.WhatmadeFranklindecidetoleavethebrothertowhomhehadbeenapprenticed?Hisbrotherwaspassionate,andhadoftenbeatenhim.Theaversiontoarbitrarypowerthathasstucktohimthroughhiswholelife.Afterabrushwiththelaw,Franklinlefthisbrother.3.HowdidhearriveinPhiladephia?FirsthesetoutinaboatforAmboy,theboatdroppedhimoffabout50milesfromBurlington,thenextdayhereachedBurlingtononfoot,inBurlingtonhefoundaboatwhichwasgoingtowardsPhiladelphia,hearrivedthereabouteightornineo’clock,ontheSundaymorningandlandedattheMarketStreetwharf.4.Whatfeaturesdoyoufindinthestyleoftheaboveselection?ItisthepatternofPuritansimplicity,directness,andconcision(言简意赅).Thenarrativeislucid(易懂的),thestructureissimple,theimageryishomely(朴素的).Unit2EdgarAllenPoeTheCastofAmontillado1.Whoisthenarrator?Whatwrongdoeshewanttoredress?Montresor.Fortunato,oneofwineexpe...
