高中英语语法非谓语动词讲解且充当定语的不定式不含有将来意义或情态意义，却经常含有过去时意义。Shewasthefirsttocome.11.在下列固定词组或短语之后要跟不带to的不定式hadbetter„hadbest„wouldrather„(than„)wouldsooner„than„cannothelpbutcannotbutcannotchoosebut..may/mightaswell„donomorethan„12.wh-连接代词、副词后跟不定式构成的短语，可在句子中做主语、宾语、表语，还可以做定语。（why和if后不能直接跟动词不定式）它的作用相当于一个名词性从句，通常在某些动词(如tell,know,imagine,learn,decided,forget,remember,consider,understand等)后面做宾语，有时也用作主语、表语、同位语等。如：Hedidn’tknowhowtoanswerher.Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.Idon’tknowwhotoaskadvicefrom.Wouldyoupleaseadvisemewhichtobuy?Pleaseexplain(tome)wheretobeginandhowtodoit.Theyexchangedviewsonthequestionofwhomtoelect.注意：按英语习惯，疑问词why后面通常不接不定式。但在以why或whynot开头的省略型疑问句中，其后可跟不带to的不定式。如：Whygetupsetjustbecauseyougotabadmark?Youarelookingtired.Whynottakeaholiday?Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.13.like（wouldlike）,love（wouldlove）,hope,hate,need,try,want,wish,plan,mean等动词后usedto,begoingto结构后+to，代替整个不定式内容。beglad,bewilling,behappy等词语后--Wouldyouliketogotothecinema?--I’dloveto.14.在介词but,except,besides,than,save等表示“除了„”之意的词前，若有实义动词do时，常用无to的不定式作其介词的宾语，若无实义动词do，则用带to的动词不定式。Hewasnotabletodoanythingbut/exceptwait.Hehadnochoicebuttogivein.15.评论性动词不定式有些不定式常用来表示说话人对所谈的内容的态度和看法，即对句内容的评论，故称为评论性动词不定式，也称独立不定式。综合：sotospeak可以说，可谓tobeexact精确地说tobesure无可否认，诚然tomakethings(matters)worseThedogis,sotospeak,amemberofthefamily.He’sinhismid-fifties;well,fifty-sixtobeexact.表真诚：tobefairtobe(perfectly)franktobehonesttodosbjusticetotell(you)thetruth表总结：tobebrieftoconcludetocut/makealongstoryshorttosumup表让步:nottomentiontosaynothingoftoputitmildlytoputitanotherwaytosaytheleast不夸张的说表顺序：tobeginwithtostartwith16.不定式的主动形式表示被动意义1)不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系，并且不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。Ihavetwoletterstoanswer.2)有些结构中，不定式表达被动意义，却用主动形式，因为可以在句子中找到不定式这个动作的发出者。Givehersomebookstoread.Wouldyoubringmeabenchtositon?Themorningairissogoodtobreathe.注意：用做定语的不定式为“动词+介词”时，介词不能省略。如：apieceofpapertowriteonaniceplacetolivein3)某些动词的不定式与be连用时，常见的有toblame，torent等。如：Thehouseistorent.Heistoblamefornotdrivingcarefully.17.动名词的用法1.动名词的否定式not+动名词2.动名词的完成式完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。Hewaspraisedforhavingdoneagooddeed.3.动词+介词构成的短语，其后跟动名词做宾语be/getusedtofeellikeinsistondevote„to„putofflookforwardtosucceedingetdowntosetaboutgiveup4.只能用动名词做宾语的动词口诀：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想；避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏；禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse/pardon;admit,delay/putoff,fancy;avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practice;deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate;forbid,imagine,risk;can’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape5.可置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途和性能awaitingcarawaitingroomasleepingboyasleepingbag6.动名词的复合结构由形容词性的物主代词/名词所有格+动名词构=动名词的复合结构，在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语等。物主代词和名词所有格是动名词的逻...
