1/6写摘要时可以采用下列几种小技巧：1)删除细节。只保留主要观点。2)避免重复。在原文中，为了强调某个主题，可能会重复论证说明。但是这在摘要中是不能使用的。应该删除那些突出强调的重述句。3)删除具体例子。不过，阅读材料本身是由几个具体例子构成的，如阅读材料是谈西方种种节日的，如删除具体例子，则概括很难达到30个词，那就选择一至两个例子(即一两个主要节日)。注：原文中可能包括5个或更多的例子，你只需从中筛选一至二个例子。4)使用概括性的名词代替具体的词，比如：“ShebroughthomeseveralChineseandEnglishnovels,afewcopiesofTimeandNewsweekandsometextbooks.Sheintendedtoreadallofthemduringthewintervocation.”可以概括为：“Shebroughthomealotofbookstoreadduringthevocation.”5)把文章的对话或直接引语(的要点)改成间接引语叙述。6)把长段的描述变成短小、简单的句子。如果材料中描述某人或某事用了十个句子，那么你只要把它们变成一两句即可。7)压缩长的句子。如下列两例：“Hiscourageinbattlemightwithoutexaggerationbecalledlion-like.”可以概括为：“Hewasverybraveinbattle.”“Hewashardupformoneyandwasbeingpressedbyhiscreditor.”可以概括为：“Hewasinfinancialdifficulties.”8)你还可以使用词组代替整句或者从句。“BeautifulmountainslikeMountTai,LushanMountain,andMountHuang,werevisitedbyonlyafewpeopleinthepast.Today,betterwages,holidayswithpay,newhotelsonthesemountains,andbettertrainandbusservices,havebroughtthemwithinreachofmanywhoneverthoughtofvisitingthemtenyearsago.”2/6可以概括为："BeautifulmountainslikeMountTai,oncevisitedbyonlyafewpeople,aretodayaccessibletomany,thankstobetterwages,paidholidays,newhotelsandbettertransportationservices.”9)文章中的第一人称说的话通常在摘要中转换成第三人称从而把大段的对白简化,比如：KatelookedatPauldisapprovingly:Youusemuchtoomuchsaltonyourfood,Pau—it'snotgoodforyou!”Paulputdownhisknifeandfrowned:”Whyonearthnot!Ifyoudidn'thavesaltonyourfooditwouldtasteawful...likeeatingcardboardorsand...justimaginebreadwithoutsaltinit,orpotatoesorpastacookedwithoutsalt!”Katewaspatient.Shedidn'twanttoquarrelwithPaul.ShewantedtopersuadehimShesaidfirmly:”Buttoomuchsaltisbadforyou.Itcausehighbloodpressureandlatteron,heart-attacks.Italsodisguisesthetasteoffood,therealtasteswhicharemuchmoresubtlethansalt,andwhichwehavelostthesensitivitytoappreciatanymore.”可以用第三人称概括为：KatesuggestedtoPaulthatheshouldeatlesssalt.ShethoughtthateatingtoomuchsaltwoulddohardtoPaul'shealthandthatitcouldreducetherealtastesoffood.ButPauldisagreed.Hesaidthatfoodwithoutsaltwouldbetasteless.II•练习篇-…学以致用1.Then,youcanthinkofawaytomakebothsideshappy.Herearesometips1)Maketimetotalk.Youcouldtalkaboutyourschoollifeandyourplansforthefuture.2)..Keepadiary.Itcanhelpyouunderstandmoreaboutyourselfandyourfeelings.3).Showyourparentsyouaregrowingup.Washyourownclothesandhelparoundthehouse.Summary:Therearesometipsforchildrentofollowsothattheycangetonwellwiththeirparents.2.Sometimes,kidsdon'tthinktheirparentsarefairtothem.Whenyouwanttodressinamodernway,yourmumdoesn'tlikeyoutowearamini-skirt.Whenyouaremakingphonecallstofriends,theyaskwhetheryou'respeakingtoaboyoragirl.Summary:Itisquitenaturalthatwechildrenlookatthesameproblemdifferentlyfromourparents.3.KatelookedatPauldisapprovingly,“Youusetoomuchsaltonyourfood,Paul.It'snotatallgoodforyou!”Paulputdownhisknifeandfrowned,“Whyonearthnot!Ifyoudidn'thavesaltonyourfooditwouldtasteawful.likeeatingwoodorsand.justimaginebreadwithoutsaltinit!”Summary:KatesuggestedthatPaulshouldeatlesss...
