专项提能计划——阅读理解（三）科普类(2011·高考陕西卷·D)Eversincetheywerefirstputonthemarketintheearly1990s,geneticallymodified(GM,转基因)foodshavebeenincreasinglydevelopedandmarketedinmanycountriesintheworld，mainlyonthebasisoftheirpromisetoendtheworldwidefoodcrisis.ButcanGMtechnologysolveworldhungerproblems?Evenifitwould，isitthebestsolution?Despitewhatitpromises，GMtechnologyactuallyhasnotincreasedtheproductionpotential(潜力)ofanycrop.Infact，studiesshowthatthemostwidelygrownGMcrop，GMsoybeans，hassufferedreducedproductivity.Forinstance，areportthatanalysednearlytwodecadesofresearchonmajorGMfoodcropsshowsthatGMengineeringhasfailedtosignificantlyincreaseUScropproduction.Somethingelse，however，hasbeenontherise.WhileGMseedsareexpensive，GMcompaniestellfarmersthattheywillmakegoodprofitsbysavingmoneyonpesticides(杀虫剂)．Onthecontrary，USgovernmentdatashowthatGMcropsintheUShaveproducedanoverallincreaseinpesticideusecomparedtotraditionalcrops.“Thepromisewasthatyoucoulduselesschemicalsandboostproduction.Butneitheristrue,”saidBillChristison，PresidentoftheUSNationalFamilyFarmCoalition.Atthesametime，theauthorsofthebookWorldHunger：TwelveMythsarguethatthereactuallyismorethanenoughfoodintheworldandthatthehungercrisisisnotcausedbyproduction，butbyproblemsinfooddistributionandpolitics.Theseindeeddeserveoureffortsandmoney.Meanwhile，theriseinfoodpricesresultsfromtheincreaseduseofcropsforfuelratherthanfood，accordingtoa2008WorldBankreport.Asamatteroffact，scientistsseebetterwaystofeedtheworld.AnotherWorldBankreportconcludedthatGMcropshavelittletooffertothechallengesofworldwidepovertyandhunger，becausebetterwaysoutareavailable，amongwhich“green”farmingissupposedtobethefirstchoice.57．Theauthordevelopsthesecondparagraphmainly________.A．byclassificationB．bycomparisonC．byexampleD．byprocess58．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“boost”inthethirdparagraphprobablymean?A．Control.B．Evaluate.C．Obtain.D．Increase.59．GMcompaniespromisefarmersthattheywillbenefitfrom________.A．practising“green”farmingB．useoflesschemicalsC．fairdistributionoftheircropsD．usingmorecropsforfuel60．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheattitudeoftheauthortowardsGMtechnology?A．Optimistic.B．Defensive.C．Disapproving.D．Casual.答案速查57.C58.D59.B60.C破题思路本文对转基因食品展开了论述。转基因食品曾经被认为能够解决世界粮食危机，但现在看来，转基因食品非但没有解决预期的问题，却带来了诸多的问题，引发了更多的争议，那么解决世界粮食问题的出路在哪里呢？疑难剖析AnotherWorldBankreportconcludedthatGMcropshavelittletooffertothechallengesofworldwidepovertyandhunger，becausebetterwaysoutareavailable，amongwhich“green”farmingissupposedtobethefirstchoice.(Paragraph5)该句为复合句，结构较为复杂。首先主句中使用了that引导的宾语从句，从句是一个because引导的原因状语从句，在原因状语从句中又使用了“介词among＋which”引导的定语从句。句意：另一个世界银行的报告得出结论认为转基因作物对于解决世界范围的贫穷和饥饿没有多大的帮助，因为还有更好的方法，其中绿色农业被认为是第一选择。名师支招了解文章结构、熟悉文章体裁、整合相关信息是提高考生阅读题目准确性的关键。这篇文章属科普类文章，介绍了转基因农业的相关情况。文章第二段第一句就表达了作者的基调——转基因农业没有增加农业产量。最后一段第一句说科学家找到了更好的方法来给人类提供食物。可见作者对转基因持不认可的态度，这样60题的答案就显而易见了。
