浅谈爵士和声以及节奏型在吉他上的应用摘要爵士乐起源于十九世纪末、二十世纪初的美国南部一个亚热带城市:新奥尔良,在布鲁斯(Blues)和拉格泰姆(ragtime)的根基之上发展和演变而来;爵士乐节奏特色鲜明、细碎化,和声复杂,即兴创作和摇摆。爵士乐的兴起不仅是一个重要的世界性音乐现象,而且还占据了一定地位。爵士乐是一门运用跳动的节奏勾勒氛围、运用丰富的和弦扩大和发展和声语汇的音乐艺术,具有其无与伦比的魅力。历经一个多世纪的发展,爵士乐已然呈现出了百花齐放的局面。在演奏爵士乐的乐器中,常见的有钢琴、爵士鼓、小号、萨克斯、贝斯或低音大提琴(DoubleBass)等等,吉他在早期的爵士音乐演奏乐器中并不是不可或缺的乐器,甚至在一些重奏或者是某些曲目的编曲中都是见不到吉他这门乐器的影子的;但是,随着音乐形态的发展和演变、电声乐器技术的进步、演奏家的努力及突破之下,也发展出其对音乐独特的表达方式和独有的特征;在爵士乐多样化的发展时期占据了重要的地位,尤其是在爵士乐某些分支或者风格之中,更是起到了十分重要的作用。本文仅粗浅探讨了爵士和声与节奏在吉他演奏中的运用,笔者认为,无论是何种音乐形态或者乐器,不仅要有扎实的基本功,更需要通过由浅入深地扩充音乐理论知识去加深对于乐器和音乐艺术的理解,才能更有内涵地提升演奏能力。关键词:爵士音乐;爵士和声;爵士节奏;吉他;运用PAGE17OntheApplicationofJazzHarmonyandRhythmPatternonGuitarAbstractJazzbeganinthelate19thandearly20thcenturiesinNewOrleans,asubtropicalcityinthesouthernUnitedStates.ItdevelopedandevolvedfromtheBluesandragtime.Jazzischaracterizedbydistinctrhythm,fragmentation,complexharmony,improvisationandswing.Theriseofjazzisnotonlyanimportantworldwidemusicalphenomenon,butalsooccupiesacertainposition.JazzisamusicalartthatUSESpulsatingrhythmstocreateanatmosphereandrichchordstoexpandanddevelopaharmonicvocabulary.Aftermorethanacenturyofdevelopment,jazzhastakenonahundredflowers.Aresocommoninplayingjazzinstruments,piano,drumkit,trumpet,saxophone,BassorDoubleBass,etc.;theguitarintheearlydaysofthejazzmusicisnotindispensableinplayingMusicalInstruments,MusicalInstruments,andinsomedoubledorevensomepiecesofarrangementsarenotseetheshadowoftheinstrumentguitar;However,withthedevelopmentandevolutionofmusicalforms,theprogressofelectro-acousticinstrumenttechnology,andtheeffortsandbreakthroughsofperformers,theyhavealsodevelopedtheiruniquewaysofexpressingmusicandtheiruniquecharacteristics.Itplayedanimportantroleinthediversifieddevelopmentofjazz,especiallyinsomebranchesorstylesofjazz.Thisarticleonlybrieflydiscussestheusingofharmonyandrhythminguitarplaying,theauthorthinksthat,whateverthemusicformorinstrument,notonlymusthavethesolidbasicskills,moreneedtoexpandbydistinguishedmusictheoreticalknowledgetodeepentheunderstandingoftheMusicalInstrumentsandmusicart,playabilitycanbeimprovedwithmoreconnotation.Keywords:TheJazzMusic;JazzHarmonies;JazzRhythm;Guitar;UsingPAGE17目录摘要.......................................................................IAbstract....................................................................II一、绪论...................................................................1(一)问题的提出.........................................................1(二)本论题的意义及相关研究动态.........................................1二、丰富的爵士和声.....................................................1(一)、音阶/琶音/和弦的名称及在吉他上的应用.............................21.音阶和琶音的构成..................................................22.和弦的组成音与变化延伸音........