情态动词情态动词的用的用法法江安中学吴孝平江安中学吴孝平1、CouldIborrowyourbook?Yes.Ofcourseyoucan.2.Wouldyouliketodoitforme?Yes.Iwould.一、情态动词注意事项(1)对现在或将来情况推测：must+动词原形。must只能用于肯定。否定和疑问分别用can’t和can。Hemusttellalie.Canhetellalie?Hecan’ttellalie.*Must-should/oughtto–may-might/could+do可能性依次减弱2、推测语气(2)对过去情况推测：must(may,might)+完成时。Youmusthavemethimbefore.must—may—might可能性依次减弱must只能用于肯定句，译成“一定”。否定和疑问分别用can’t/couldn’t和can/could。Could/Canithavehappenedlastnight?Itcouldn’t/can’thavehappenedlastnight.Hemustbereading,isn’the?Youmustdoityourself,don’tyou?Hemusthavegoneoverthearticle,hasn’the?Itmusthaverainedlastnight,didn’tit?3、表猜测语气的反意疑问句的构成wouldneedusedtododaremustn’tdon’thaveto=needn’tmay/mightdo/havedone不妨…;还是…为好4、beabletomustcanhaveto1）用于第一人称表将来。IshallgotoworkafterIhavefinishedschool.2）用于一、三人称疑问句、表征求对方意见或向对方请求。Shallhecomein?—Comein,please.3）用于二、三人称，表示保证、承诺、威胁、警告。Youshallbepunishedifyouinsistondoingitthisway.5、Shall1）预测、可能。Theyshouldbeherebynow.2）说话人的感情。如惊奇、愤怒、失望等、“竟然”Youcan’timaginethatwell-behavedgentlemanshouldbesorudetoalady.6、should1）对过去情况推测。must/may/mighthavedonecan’t/couldn’t/maynot/mightnothavedonecan/couldhavedone…?7、情态动词+havedone2）译成“本…”could/should/needhavedone.Youshouldhavecomeherefiveminutesearlier.3）虚拟语气（与过去事实相反的主句）Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldn’thavebeendefeated.情态动词典型例题专练1.-----Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.-----It____acomfortablejourney.()A.can'tbeB.shouldn'tbeC.mustn'thavebeenD.couldn'thavebeenD2.Johnny,you______playwiththeknife,you____hurtyourself.()A.won't;can'tB.mustn't;mayC.shouldn't;mustD.can't;wouldn'tB3.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_____getout.()A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasabletoD4.------WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.-----They_____bereadyby12:00.()A.canB.shouldC.mightD.needB5.Withsomuchworkonhand,you____toseethegamelastnight.()A.mustn’tgoBshouldn’tgoC.couldhavegoneD.shouldn’thavegoneD6.TheyaredisappointedattheEnglishparty.Theysaythatit___betterorganized.()A.hadbeenB.hadtobeC.musthavebeenD.couldhavebeenD7.Shemusthaveforgottenabouttheclass_______?()A.doesn’tsheB.mustn’tsheC.hasn’tsheD.won’tsheC8.Seewho’sthere!_______itbeMary?A.MayB.MustC.CanD.willC9.Jenny____withhimatthattime,forIwashavingdinnerwithherinmyhome.()A.can’thavebeenB.mustn’thavebeenC.mustbeD.maybeA10.Tom’sfatherpromised,“You___haveanewcomputerifyoupassthecomingexamination,”()A.canB.shouldC.shallD.mayC11.----Didyouwalkedhomebyyourselflastnight?----Yes,Idid.ButIthinkI_____.()A.needn’tB.shouldn’tC.maynothaveD.needn’thaveD12.----Wouldyouchangethisbucketforanother?It______holdwater.-----OK.I’mreallysorry.A.won’tB.can’tC.didn’tD.doesn’tA13.YououghttohavehelpedhimwithhisEnglish,____you?A.won’tyouB.oughtnotyouC.shouldn’tyouD.wouldn’tyouC14.---IthoughI____somethingburning.()---Really?A.smelledB.wassmellingC.couldsmellD.mightsmellC15.She_____outaloneatnight.()A.darenottogoB.daresnotgoC.doesn’tdaretogoD.doesn’tdaresgoC
