加工中心刀具切削参数CNC加工应分为低速加工和高速加工两大类，普通机是指机床转数8000转以内的机床，高速机是指转数能超过12000转的机床，介于8000—12000之间的机床叫准高速机，此参数只针对普通机。CNC加工工艺习惯上分三类，开粗，中光(半精)，光刀(精铣)，一般以为开粗宜用较大刀具(飞刀和端铣刀)并用较大的切削深度和步距(重切削)，以求快速大量的去除材料。光刀则以轻切削(小切深,，小步距)配合较高转数和进给运行，以求得完美的表面精度。光平面用端铣刀(或圆角刀)和飞刀，光垂直壁用端铣刀，光曲面用球刀(或圆角刀)。在加工过程中，应根据被加工零件的材料硬度，选用适当的刀具，如塑胶，木料等可选用国产的白钢刀。铜，铝材以及硬度在洛氏38度以内的钢材(如45号钢,王牌料)应选用进口的钢刀及国产优质的钢刀。硬度较大的材料(如淬硬模具钢)应优先选用合金刀，镀钛刀或钨钢刀。本参数针对普通CNC机床，针对开粗和光刀分别对各种刀具加以说明(飞刀，白钢，端铣刀，钨钢平铣刀，白钢球刀，钨钢球刀)。因加工素材繁多，本表仅以富有代表性的铝合金，45号钢，不锈钢加以说明。表一（飞刀开粗以45号钢为例）刀具种类深度（毫米）步距F（进给）S（转速）￠40R6￠30R51128201200150015001700￠25R50.81515001700￠20R40.61216001800￠25R10.81814001600￠20R0.80.61515001700￠16R0.40.51214001700￠12R0.40.5913001800表二（进口白钢平刀开粗铝合金45号钢）刀具深度步距FS铝钢铝钢铝钢￠2520.8181800120020001500￠2020.8151700110020001500￠161.50.7121700110022001600￠121.50.691600100022001600￠101.20.57150090023001700￠810.56150090024001700￠610.54150080024001700￠50.80.43120070025001800￠40.80.42.5100060026001800￠30.50.3280050028001900￠20.30.2160040029002000￠10.20.10.550030030002200表三（白钢球刀光刀铝合金45号钢）刀具加工前留量步距SF铝钢铝钢铝钢￠20R100.250.150.32200180023001500￠16R80.250.150.32200180023001500￠12R60.20.120.252500200026001800￠10R50.20.120.252500200026001800￠8R40.20.120.22600230024001600￠6R30.150.10.152800240023001500￠4R20.120.080.123000250018001200￠3R1.50.10.060.08320026001600900￠2R10.080.050.06350027001300600￠1R0.50.060.040.04380028001200500表四（钨钢球刀光面45号钢不锈钢）刀具加工前留量步距SF45号钢不锈钢45号钢不锈钢45号钢不锈钢￠20R100.20.150.252400240020001800￠16R80.20.120.252400240020001800￠12R60.150.10.22600270022002000￠10R50.150.10.22600270022002000￠8R40.150.10.152800280020001600￠6R30.120.080.123000300018001500￠4R20.10.060.083200320013001000￠3R1.50.080.050.06350035001000700￠2R10.070.040.0538003800600500￠1R0.50.050.030.0340004000500400表五（钨钢平刀光刀45号钢不锈钢）刀具最大切削量最大切深SF45号钢不锈钢45号钢不锈钢45号钢不锈钢45号钢不锈钢￠160.30.25403016001600800700￠120.250.2352517001700800700￠100.20.15302017001700750650￠80.150.1252018001800650600￠60.150.1201520002000600500￠50.10.08151022002200500400￠40.080.0610723002300400300￠30.060.055325002500400300￠20.20.151130003000700500￠10.150.10.50.535003500600400表六（白钢平刀光刀铝合金45号钢）刀具最大切削量最大切削深度SF铝合金45号钢铝合金45号钢铝合金45号钢铝合金45号钢￠160.40.255035170016001200800￠120.350.24030170016001000700￠100.30.15352018001700900600￠80.250.1301520001800900550￠60.20.1251022001900800500￠50.150.0820823002000700450￠40.50.321.22600220012001100￠30.30.21.51270024001000800￠20.250.210.528002500800500￠10.20.150.80.330002600600400
