主语从句讲与练第3页第4页常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面.例如:Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.她犯了这样一个错误,真是遗憾.Itdependsontheclimatewhethertheyaregoingshoppingtoday.他们是否今天去购物还得看天气情况.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:1)Itis+adj./n.+从句Itisapity/shamethat...遗憾的是⋯⋯Itispossiblethat...很可能⋯⋯Itisunlikelythat...不可能⋯⋯2)It+不及物动词+从句Itseems/appearsthat...似乎⋯⋯Ithappenedthat...碰巧⋯⋯3)It+be+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat...据说⋯⋯Itisknowntoallthat...众所周知⋯⋯Itisreportedthat...据报道⋯⋯Itisbelievedthat...据信⋯⋯;人们相信⋯⋯Itissuggestedthat...有人建议⋯⋯Itmustbepointedoutthat...必须指出⋯⋯Ithasbeenprovedthat...已证明⋯⋯.例如:第5页Itisbelievedthatatleastascoreofbuildingsweredamagedordestroyed.据信,至少有二十座楼房遭到破坏或彻底毁掉.Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputoff.有人建议会议延期召开.It'sreportedthatthreepeoplewerekilledintheaccidentandfivewerehurtbadly.据报道,事故中三人丧生,五人重伤.ItisknowntoallthatTaiwanisaninseparablepartofChina.众所周知,台湾是中国不可分割的一部分.[巩固练习]1.Does_______matterifhecan'tfinishthejobontime?A.thisB.thatC.heD.it2.Itworriedherabit_______herhairwasturninggrey.A.whichB.thatC.ifD.for3._______isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It第6页二、学习主语从句应该注意的几个问题1)引导词that与whatwhat既有引导主语从句的作用,同时又在从句中作句子成分(主语、宾语、表语等).这时what相当于allthat/everythingthat...,常译成"所⋯⋯的(东西、事情、话等.)";而that只起连接作用,本身无实际意义,在从句中也不担当任何句子成分.但that引导的主语从句放在句首时,不能省略that.例如:Whatisdonecan'tbeundone.(谚语)已成定局,无可挽回.Whatwecan'tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.我们得不到的东西似乎比已得到的要好.Thatweshouldworkoutaplantodealwiththepresentserioussituationisimportant.我们应该制定一项计划来应付目前严峻的形势,这一点非常重要.Thatanewteacherwillcometoteachusgeographyistrue.一位新老师将来教我们地理,这是真的.[巩固练习]第7页4._______whattheytoldmereallytrue?A.HasB.IsC.DoesD.Have5.Itmatterslittle_______amandies,but_______mattersmuchis_______helives.A.how;what;howB.how;it;howC.why;it;whyD.that;what;that6._______shecouldn'tunderstandwas_______fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;that7.Itisprettywellunderstood_______controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how8._______fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which9.---Whatmadeherparentssoangry?第8页---_______shehadfailedintheexamination.A.AsB.BecauseC.SinceD.That2)引导词if和whetherif和whether引导动词后的宾语从句时一般可通用,但介词后的宾语从句、主语从句(放在句首时)、表语从句常由whether引导.例如:Whethershewillgohomeornotisunknown.她是否回家还不得而知.Whetherweshallraiseducksorgeeseremainstobedecided.我们是养鸭还是养鹅仍没决定.=Itremainstobedecidedwhether/ifweshallraiseducksorgeese.但我们不能说Ifweshallraiseducksorgeeseremainstobedecided.[巩固练习]10._______we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where第9页3)其它引导词连接代词who,which,whom,whose有各自的意义,起连接作用,并在从句中充当语、宾语、表语、定语等;连接副词when,where,why,how等有各自的意义,起连接作用,并在从句中充当状语.[巩固练习]11.---Doyouremember_______hecame?---Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.if12.Itwasamatt...
