——《阿房宫赋》、《赤壁赋》、《项脊轩志》一、理解常见文言实词在文中的含义1.写出下列通假字的本字，并解释其义《赤壁赋》(1)举酒属客通____________，___________《项脊轩志》(2)而母立于兹通____________，____________(3)以手阖门通____________，____________答案(1)“嘱”劝酒(2)“尔”你(3)“合”关闭2.解释下列加点字词的词义《阿房宫赋》(1)蜀山兀，阿房出：__________________________________________(2)各抱地势，钩心斗角：_______________________________________(3)矗不知乎几千万落：_________________________________________(4)复道行空，不霁何虹：____________________________________(5)雷霆乍惊：____________________________________________(6)一旦不能有，输来其间：__________________________________(7)奈何取之尽锱铢：_________________________________________(8)瓦缝参差，多于周身之帛缕：_____________________________________(9)独夫之心，日益骄固：_______________________________________(10)秦人不暇自哀：_________________________________________《赤壁赋》(11)凌万顷之茫然：__________________________________________(12)浩浩乎如凭虚御风：________________________________________(13)山川相缪：______________________________________________(14)而吾与子之所共食：_______________________________________(15)苟非吾之所有：___________________________________________(16)纵一苇之所如：____________________________________________(17)知不可乎骤得：______________________________________(18)而卒莫消长也：___________________________________________(19)则天地曾不能以一瞬：_______________________________________《项脊轩志》(20)尘泥渗漉，雨泽下注：______________________________________(21)风移影动，珊珊可爱：_______________________________________________(22)先妣抚之甚厚：_________________________________________(23)汝姊在吾怀，呱呱而泣：______________________________________________(24)余自束发读书轩中：__________________________________________(25)比去，以手阖门：________________________________________(26)后五年，吾妻来归：___________________________________________(27)吾妻归宁，述诸小妹语曰：________________________________________________答案(1)山高而秃，指山上树木被砍伐光了(2)宫室群参差分布，彼此回环掩抱，飞檐交错连接(3)建筑物高耸的样子(4)雨后或雪后转晴(5)突然(6)运输、运送(7)极其细小。锱、铢都是古代的计量单位，一锱等于六铢，一铢约等于后来一两的二十四分之一(8)长短不齐(9)众叛亲离的统治者，指秦始皇(10)空闲(11)越过(12)驾(13)萦绕(14)享有(15)如果(16)任凭(17)屡次(18)最后、最终(19)“曾”和“不”连用，译为“连……都……”，加强语气(20)雨水(21)优美舒缓的样子(22)已逝世的母亲(23)婴儿啼哭的声音(24)古代男童15岁时束发为髻，表示成童(25)等到(26)女子出嫁(27)古代已婚女子回娘家省亲3.解释下列加点的古今异义词的古义《阿房宫赋》(1)而气候不齐古义：________________________________________________________________________今义：指某一地区的阴晴雨雪变化情况。(2)韩、魏之经营古义：________________________________________________________________________今义：经营筹划管理。(3)楚人一炬，可怜焦土古义：________________________________________________________________________今义：值得怜悯。《赤壁赋》(4)七月既望古义：________________________________________________________________________今义：希望，远望。(5)凭虚御风古义：________________________________________________________________________今义：空虚，虚假。(6)纵一苇之所如古义：________________________________________________________________________今义：表列举，如同、适合。(7)望美人兮天一方古义：_...
