初中数学试卷灿若寒星整理制作平方差公式练习题1.下列运算中,正确的是()A.(a+3)(a-3)=a2-3B.(3b+2)(3b-2)=3b2-4C.(3m-2n)(-2n-3m)=4n2-9m2D.(x+2)(x-3)=x2-62.可以用平方差公式计算的是()A.(x+1)(1+x)B.(12a+b)(b-12a)C.(-a+b)(a-b)D.(x2-y)(x+y2)3.对于任意的正整数n,能整除代数式(3n+1)(3n-1)-(3-n)(3+n)的整数是()A.3B.6C.10D.94.若(x-5)2=x2+kx+25,则k=()A.5B.-5C.10D.-105.如果x2+4x+k2恰好是另一个整式的平方,那么常数k的值为()A.4B.2C.-2D.±26.已知a+1a=3,则a2+21a,则a+的值是()A.1B.7C.9D.117.若a-b=2,a-c=1,则(2a-b-c)2+(c-a)2的值为()A.10B.9C.2D.18.│5x-2y│·│2y-5x│的结果是()A.25x2-4y2B.25x2-20xy+4y2C.25x2+20xy+4y2D.-25x2+20xy-4y29.平方差公式(a+b)(a-b)=a2-b2中字母a,b表示()A.只能是数B.只能是单项式C.只能是多项式D.以上都可以10.下列多项式的乘法中,可以用平方差公式计算的是()A.(a+b)(b+a)B.(-a+b)(a-b)C.(13a+b)(b-13a)D.(a2-b)(b2+a)11.下列计算中,错误的有()A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个①(3a+4)(3a-4)=9a2-4;②(2a2-b)(2a2+b)=4a2-b2;③(3-x)(x+3)=x2-9;④(-x+y)·(x+y)=-(x-y)(x+y)=-x2-y2.12.若x2-y2=30,且x-y=-5,则x+y的值是()A.5B.6C.-6D.-5二、填空题1.(-2x+y)(-2x-y)=______.(-3x2+2y2)()=9x4-4y4.2.(a+b-1)(a-b+1)=()2-()2.3.已知x2-5x+1=0,则x2+21x=________.4.9.8×10.2=________;a2+b2=(a+b)2+______=(a-b)2+________.5.(x-y+z)(x+y+z)=________;(a+b+c)2=_______.6.(12x+3)2-(12x-3)2=________.若a2+2a=1,则(a+1)2=_________.7、(2a-3b)(2a+3b)②(-p2+q)(-p2-q)③(x-2y)2④(-2x-12y)2.①(2a-b)(2a+b)(4a2+b2)②(x+y-z)(x-y+z)-(x+y+z)(x-y-z).①2023×2113②2009×2007-20082③22007200720082006④22007200820061①(a+2)(a2+4)(a4+16)(a-2)②x(x+2)+(2x+1)(2x-1)(3)(2x-1)(2x+1)-2(x-2)(x+2)(4)(-2x+3y)(-2x-3y)①(a-2b+3c)2-(a+2b-3c)2②[ab(3-b)-2a(b-21b2)](-3a2b3);(3)(y+3x)(3x-y)1.若x2-x-m=(x-m)(x+1)且x≠0,则m等于()A.-1B.0C.1D.22.(x+q)与(x+51)的积不含x的一次项,q=()A.5B.51C.-51D.-53.下列四个算式:①4x2y4÷41xy=xy3;②16a6b4c÷8a3b2=2a2b2c;③9x8y2÷3x3y=3x5y;④(12m3+8m2-4m)÷(-2m)=-6m2+4m+2,其中正确的有()A.0个B.1个C.2个D.3个4.设(xm-1yn+2)·(x5my-2)=x5y3,则mn的值为()A.1B.-1C.3D.-35.计算[(a2-b2)(a2+b2)]2等于()A.a4-2a2b2+b4B.a6+2a4b4+b6C.a6-2a4b4+b6D.a8-2a4b4+b86.已知(a+b)2=11,ab=2,则(a-b)2的值是()A.11B.3C.5D.197.若x2-7xy+M是一个完全平方式,那么M是()A.27y2B.249y2C.449y2D.49y28.下列多项式乘法,能用平方差公式进行计算的是()A.(x+y)(-x-y)B.(2x+3y)(2x-3z)C.(-a-b)(a-b)D.(m-n)(n-m)9.下列各式运算结果是x2-25y2的是()A.(x+5y)(-x+5y)B.(-x-5y)(-x+5y)C.(x-y)(x+25y)D.(x-5y)(5y-x)10.下列计算正确的是()A.(2x+3)(2x-3)=2x2-9B.(x+4)(x-4)=x2-4C.(5+x)(x-6)=x2-30D.(-1+4b)(-1-4b)=1-16b211.若x,y互为不等于0的相反数,n为正整数,你认为正确的是()A.xn、yn一定是互为相反数B.(x1)n、(y1)n一定是互为相反数C.x2n、y2n一定是互为相反数D.x2n-1、-y2n-1一定相等2.用平方差公式计算(1)(-m+5n)(-m-5n)(2)(3x-1)(3x+1)(4)(-2+ab)(2+ab)(1)(x+1)(x-3)-(x+2)2+(x+2)(x-2)(2))49)(23)(23(22bababa(3)(12m-3)(12m+3)(4)(13x+6y)2(5)(a+2b-1)2(6)(2x+y+z)(2x-y-z)(7))132)(132(yxyx(8)8、(a+b-c)(a-b+c)①a(a-5)-(a+6)(a-6)②(x+y)(x-y)(x2+y2)③125)2(3x④))(())(())((acaccbcbbaba⑤9982-4⑥2)3(ba④[(x+2y)(x-2y)+4(x-y)2-6x]÷6x.)213)(213)(1(22nmnm)46)(46)...