高中英语学习材料(灿若寒星*制作整理)倒装在英语中,为了强调或者出于语法结构的需要,往往采用倒装语序。倒装一般有两种:一种是将主语和谓语换位,叫做完全倒装;另一种是将谓语的一部分(通常是助动词或情态动词)移至主语之前,叫做部分倒装。如:Intotheshopcametwocustomers.(完全倒装)SeldomhaveIreadanarticlethatwassofulloflies.(部分倒装)【归纳】★常见的完全倒装的情况1.当表示地点的介词短语位于句首且主语为名词时。如:Underthetreeissittingahandsomeyoungboy.Infrontoftheplaygroundisanewly-builthouse.2.当out,in,up,down,off,here,there,now,then等副词位于句首且主语为名词时。如:IncametheEnglishteacherwithabookinhishand.Herecomestheassistantyouwanttosee.3.在therebe结构中。如:Thereisamanatthebusstop.4.当作表语的形容词、过去分词等位于句首且主语为名词时。如:Presentatthepartywereallworld-famoussingers.5.在某些表示祝愿的句子中。如:Longliveourfriendship!★常见的部分倒装的情况1.当含有否定意义的副词或连词hardly,never,not,little,seldom,nolonger,notonly,notuntil等位于句首时。如:NeverbeforehaveIseensuchathrillingfilm.LittledidIknowthatmylifewasabouttochange.注意:①notonly...butalso...连接两个并列分句时,如果notonly位于句首,则前一分句倒装,后一分句仍然用陈述语序。如:NotonlydidIknowHelen,butalsoIwasherbestfriend.②notuntil后跟状语从句位于句首时,从句不倒装,后面的主句倒装。如:NotuntilhersoncamebackdidMrs.Whitegotobedlastnight.2.only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时。如:OnlyinthiswaywasJackabletomakehimselfunderstood.OnlythendidIknowtheimportanceoffriendship.Onlyaftershefinishedthehomeworkdidsheleave.注意:如果only修饰主语位于句首时,句子不倒装。如:Onlyafewstudentscananswerthisquestion.3.so,neither,nor引起的句子,表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物。如:Mrs.Wanghasgoneabroad,sohasherdaughter.Ifyoudon’tattendthemeeting,neither/norwillI.4.as引导让步状语从句时,常将表语、状语或谓语提前,构成倒装。此时as可与连词though替换。如:Angryas/thoughProfessorSmithwas,hemanagedtospeakcalmly.5.if引导虚拟条件句时,可将if省略,同时将were/had/should等提至主语前。如:HadMikegotupearlier,hecouldhavecaughtthebus.【即学即练】根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。1.Onthewall____________________(挂着一幅齐白石的画).2.OnlywhenIgothome____________________(我才意识到发生了什么).3.____________________(尽管我很疲惫),Icontinuedmywork.4.____________________(那位顾客不仅抱怨饭菜),healsorefusedtopayforit.5.Ihaven’tbeentoFrance,____________________(吉姆也没去过).答案【即学即练】1.hangsapaintingbyQiBaishi2.didIrealizewhathadhappened3.Tiredas/thoughIwas4.Notonlydidthecustomercomplainaboutthemeal5.neither/norhasJim