GrammarandusageUnrealconditionals虚拟语气中的非真实条件句虚拟语气可用于条件句和虚拟语气可用于条件句和其它一些从句中。虚拟语其它一些从句中。虚拟语气用于条件句中比较多气用于条件句中比较多,,情况也比较复杂情况也比较复杂,,所以要所以要特别加以注意特别加以注意,,首先要判首先要判断一下是否应该用虚拟语断一下是否应该用虚拟语气气,,因为条件句分为两种因为条件句分为两种,,一种是真实条件句一种是真实条件句,,一一虚拟语气的介绍种是非真实条件句种是非真实条件句,,只有在非只有在非真实条件句中才用虚拟语气真实条件句中才用虚拟语气,,在真实条件句中在真实条件句中,,要用陈述语要用陈述语气气。。非真实条件句的时态表达如果假设的情况完全不存在或者实现的可能性很小,可以说几乎没有时,就需要用虚拟语气来表达,也就是说,这时的条件句是非真实的条件句。此时的句子时态比真实条件句中的时态后退一步。If…were/was/did…,…If…were/was/did…,…would/could/mightdo…would/could/mightdo…IfIwereyou,Ishould/wouldgoatonce.IfIgotthechance,Iwouldwanttobealawyer.与现在事实相反的条件句注意:在ifI/he/she/it之后,可用were代替was。两者在意义上没有区别,但是were更为正式,特别是在称述心存怀疑的事情时:Ifshewereready,wewouldgo.If…hadbeen/done…,…would/If…hadbeen/done…,…would/could/mighthavedonecould/mighthavedoneIfyouhadbeentherelastnight,nothingwouldhavehappened.Ifshehadgotupearlier,shewouldhavecaughtthebus.与过去事实相反的条件句If…was/were/did…,If…was/were/did…,…would/could/mightdo…would/could/mightdoIfitwereSundaytomorrow,wewouldn’thaveanexam.IfIhadtimetomorrow,Iwouldcertainlygotohelpyou.与将来事实相反的条件句在与将来事实相反的条件从在与将来事实相反的条件从句中句中,,用用weretowereto或或shouldshould+do+do来表示来表示,,如如::IfIweretofailmyEnglishtIfIweretofailmyEnglishtest,Iwouldhavetotakeitaest,Iwouldhavetotakeitagainattheendoftheterm.gainattheendoftheterm.注意:Ifheshouldcometomorrow,IwouldIfheshouldcometomorrow,Iwouldtalktohimaboutit.talktohimaboutit.PracticeReadthedialogueatpage40andfillineachblankwiththecorrectformoftheverbinbrackets.在非真实条件句中在非真实条件句中,,如果如果有有were,had,should,were,had,should,我我们可以将们可以将ifif省略省略,,把这些把这些词置于句首词置于句首,,采用倒装形采用倒装形式式,,如如::虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装IfIshouldmeether,Iwouldtellher.=ShouldImeether,Iwouldtellher.IfIwereinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.=WereIinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.Iftheyhadmadepreparations,theywouldhavesucceeded.=Hadtheymadepreparations,theywouldhavesucceeded.有时非真实条件句中有时非真实条件句中,,主句谓语主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件从句中动词所表示的动作和条件从句中谓语动词所表示的动作并不同时谓语动词所表示的动作并不同时发生发生,,这时动词的形式并不完全这时动词的形式并不完全按照上述表格来进行按照上述表格来进行,,而需要按而需要按照各自的时间来调整照各自的时间来调整,,这样的句这样的句子就叫错综时间条件句。子就叫错综时间条件句。错综时间条件句如如::Ifyouhadfollowedthedoctor’saIfyouhadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,thenyouwouldbeallrightdvice,thenyouwouldbeallrightnow.now.IfIhadn’tfinishedmycompositioIfIhadn’tfinishedmycompositionbynow,Iwouldbeworkingoninbynow,Iwouldbeworkingonittomorrow.ttomorrow.IfhehadpreparedwellforIfhehadpreparedwellforhislessonsyesterday,hehislessonsyesterday,hewouldn’thavesomanywouldn’thavesomanydifficultiesnow.difficultiesnow.有时一个假设的情况并不用条件有时一个假设的情况并不用条件从句表示从句表示,,而用其它方式来表示而用其它方式来表示,,这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。1.用with,without等介...
