高中英语 Unit3(Inventors and inventions)1-Grammar 课件 新人教版选修8 课件VIP免费

Unit3InventorsandinventionsUnit3InventorsandinventionsGrammar动词-ed形式作定语动词-ed形式作表语动词-ed形式作宾语补足语过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧,渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词(theParticipleAdjective),实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词,除表示“完成”的动作之外,还表示“被动”的意义。如：spokenEnglish(英语口语)；icedbeer(冰冻啤酒)；一、动词-ed形式作定语cookedfood(熟食);friedchips(炸土豆条);但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作,而不表示“被动”意义。如:boiledwater(开水);fallenleaves(落叶);therisensun(升起的太阳)等。1.Thetallmanisareturnedstudent．高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。2.Myparentsarebothretiredteachers．我的父母都是退休教师。(1)前置定语单个的动词-ed形式,一般放在被修饰的名词的前面,作前置定语。Theexcitedpeoplerushedintobuilding.激动的人们冲进大楼。(=thepeoplewhowereexcited)Losttimecanneverbefoundagain．虚度的时光,无法挽回。(=timewhichislost)(2)后置定语①少数单个动词的-ed形式,如left等,只能作后置定语。1.Everythingusedshouldbemarked．所有用过的东西应该做好标记。2.Amongtheinvitedweresomeladies．被邀请的人中,有些是女士。3.Thebooksleftareformystudents．剩下的书是给我的学生的。②动词-ed形式短语作定语时,通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面,在意思上相当于一个定语从句。及物动词的过去分词作定语用来表示被动,可改为带被动语态的定语从句;不及物动词的过去分词(仅限于单个过去分词,且不能后置)则表示完成,可改为带有完成时态的定语从句。1.Isthereanythingplannedfortonight?今晚有什么活动吗?(=thathasbeenplannedfortonight)2.Themeeting,attendedbyalotofpeople,wasasuccess．这次会议有很多人出席,开得很成功。(=whichwasattendedbyalotofpeople)3.Wedranksomeboiledwater(=whichhadboiled)andwentonwithourwork.我们喝了一些开水后就继续工作。注意:这里的过去分词的逻辑主语应是被修饰的词,改为定语从句时关系代词应与之一致。高考题1)MostoftheartiststothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.(MET90)A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited2)ThefirsttextbooksforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.(NMET94)A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written3)TheOlympicgames,in776BC,didn'tincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying4)Pricesofdailyfoodsthroughacomputercanbelowerthanpricesinstores.(2002年全国春）A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying5)Mr.Smith,____ofthespeech,startedtoreada____novel.(2003北京春)A.tired,boringB.tiring,boredC.tired,boredD.tiring,boring过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意，而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如：Helookedworriedafterreadingtheletter．看完信后,他显得很忧虑。Whenweheardofit,weweredeeplymoved．当我们听到这件事时,被深深地感动了。Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea．听到这个想法,他似乎很高兴。二、动词-ed形式作表语常见的作表语的过去分词有:amused(愉快的)；broken(碎了的)；closed(关闭的)；astonished(吃惊的)；crowded(拥挤的)；experienced(有经验的);delighted(高兴的)；lost(丢失的)；gone(遗失的)；disappointed(失望的)；worried(担忧的)；interested(感兴趣的)tired(疲劳的)pleased(高兴的)；satisfied(满意的)；surprised(吃惊的);married(已婚的)；known(著名的)等等作表语的-ed形式可被much,very,quite等所修饰。Iwasverypleasedatthenews．听了这消息我很高兴。Hegrewmuchtiredofthework．他十分厌倦这工作。Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea.听了这想法他似乎很高兴。1)Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget____bythehour.(NMET98)A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay2)AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot____frommyfriends.(NEMT2001)A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed高考题...