副词副词（P407）副词的类型（略）副词的构成•本身就是副词:often,rather…•由形容词加词尾-ly变化而来:rapidly,simply,easily,fully,truly,historically…•有些单音节词可以直接用作副词，而不必加-ly:far,fast,late,hard…•副词和形容词同形:early,enough…以ly结尾的形容词•friendly,motherly,fatherly,womanly,manly,heavenly…•daily,weekly,monthly,quarterly,yearly…•lovely,orderly,timely,deadly,lively,costly…易混淆的(同源)副词•clean“完全地”cleanly“干净利落地”•clear“完全地”(=clean)“隔开，不接触”clearly“清楚地”但下列结构两者均可：Hespokeloud(ly)andclear(ly).•close“近”closely“细心地，严密地，紧密地”•direct“直线地，不绕圈子地”directly“直接地”(与“间接地”相对)“立即，马上”•hard“努力地”hardly“几乎不”•easy只用于某些固定搭配中easily“容易地”high/highly•high:常用在指具体意义的“高”及某些固定结构中,如：aimhigh力争上游，holdone’sheadhigh骄傲searchhighandlow到处搜寻•highly:通常指抽象意义的“高”，也可用来修饰形容词，表示“很，极”，如：Hespokehighlyofher.Thebookishighlyinteresting.right/rightly•right:能作多种解释，用以修饰副词、介词，或在句中作状语Gorighthome.That’sthebook,rightinfrontofus.Nothingseemstogorightwithme.•rightly:通常置于动词之前，“正确地”•wide“宽地”（具体）widely“广泛地”（抽象）•free“免费地”freely“自由地”•deep“深地”（具体）deeply“深地”（抽象）特殊的副词much（P413）•Shedidn’ttalkmuch.•I’mnotmuchgoodatsinging.•ThatwasmuchthebestmealI’vehadforyears.•Sheismuchtoobusytoseevisitors.副词比较级和最高级的一些特殊用法（P424）•Shewentfartherandfartheraway.•ThemoreIthought,themoreextraordinarydiditappear.•We’dbetternotdisturbhim.•Yououghttoknowbetterthantogooutwithoutanovercoatonsuchacoldday.•Hewasgoingtoanswermeback,buthethoughtbetterofit.•Ihadbesthaveyouropinionfirst.副词的用法与位置（P425）Ineverhaveheardthissong.I’llmeetyouthisafternoonatthree.Heisenougholdtounderstandit.程度副词（如very,much,too,so,quite,rather,pretty…）通常置于被修饰语之前，但enough须置于被修饰语之后。频率副词（如always,usually,often,seldom…）通常置于助动词与动词之间。小单位副词在前，大单位副词在后Heisrespectedhighlybyhiscolleagues.Themusicsoundstooloudly.respected之后有修饰语byhiscolleagues,所以highly不能置于过去分词之后。连系动词（如be,seem,appear,look,sound,taste,smell,feel,become,turn…）后面需接形容词–Areyouhappy?–Iamcertainly.在省略句中，副词应放在助动词或情态动词之前。
