Unit19ModernAgricultureWhat’stheunitabout?Canyouguess?AgricultureFarm,farming,farmer,peasantLand,soilRice,wheat,corn,Plants,animals,fishgreenhouseWeather,seasonTechniques,productionTask1:BrainstormingWhatwillyouthinkofwhenyouseetheword“agriculture”?cottonteawheatsugarcanesoybeanriceCanyouguesswhattheseagriculturalproductsare?chickenscattlepigsfish0102030405060708090GrainOilMeatFruitGrainCottonOilSugarMeatFishFruitCottonSugarFish1.Whatisthegraphabout?Itisaboutthegrowthofthemajorfarmproductsduringtheyear1991-95comparedwiththatof1986-90.2.Whatisshownonthex-axisandy-axis?Onthex-axis:themajorfarmproducts.Onthey-axis:thepercentagesofgrowth.1.Whichfarmproductgrewmostduringthefirstfiveyearsofthe1990s?2.Howmuchdiditgrowcomparedwiththatduringthelastfiveyearsofthe1980s?3.Whichfarmproductgrewleast?4.Ifthreemillionpigs,sheepandcattlewereraisedduringtheyearsfrom1986to1990,howmanywereraisedfrom1991to1995?Fruit.About83percent.Grain.About3,000,00065%Step2Lookatthegraphonpage43&answerthefollowingquestions.1.Howarepeople’seatinghabitschangingovertheyears?Whydoyouthinkthishappens?2.Howhasagriculturalproductchangedduringtheseyears?Whatdoyouthinkcausedthesechanges?3.Whateffectsdoyouthinkthechangesineatinghabitswillhaveonagricultureornature?Period2ListeningandspeakingNewwords:1.goagainst违背2.resultin导致…结果3.floodanddrought洪涝和旱灾4.recognizesomeoldtruths认清了一些真理5.chemicals化学药品6.method方法7.dike堤防8.fishpond鱼塘ListeningTask1PrelisteningAgriculturedependson…?Question:Ifwechangethestructureofagriculture,whatdoyouthinkwillhappentothenature?waterlandProperclimateorweatherOthernaturalresourcesTask2:listening1Listentothetape.Thepassageyouheartalksabout()historyoffarming()farmersinAmerica()fishing()protectionofnature()farmersinChina()pigs()environmentalproblems()trees()dikes2Whichofthefollowingsentencesaretrue&whicharefalse?1InearlytimesfarmersinChinamovedaround&burntforests.()2AllfarmersinSouthAmericaburnforeststocreatefarmland.()3Flood&droughtsaredisastersthatfarmerscannotstop.()4SomeofthelandinChinaistoowettogrowcrops.()5Fishfarmersdamagenature.()TFFTF3Listentothetape&completethesentencesbyusingyourownwords.Whenfarminggoesagainstnature,______________________aretheresult.Theearliestfarmers____________nature.Theirwayofagricultureledto______and________.Itisanoldtruththat________shouldnot______________.ThelandthatTanandXiaoZaoboughtwas_________andcouldnotbeusedfor________________________________.Insteadtheychangedthefieldsinto___________.Ontheirfarmtheykept_________________andgrew___________.environmentalproblemsdestroyedfloodsdroughtsfarminggoagainstnaturetoowetfarming/growingcrops/growingwheatfishpondsfish/ducks/chickensfruittreesSpeaking………Agroupoffarmersinyourareahavebeengivenalargepieceofland.Togetherwiththevillageleader,theyhavetodecidehowtousetheland.Workingroupsoffour.Eachgroupmemberwillplayoneoftheroles.Preparerolecards,discusstheproblemandtrytomakeadecision.Speaking•Workingroupoffour,eachgroupmemberwillplayoneoftheroles,anddiscusstheproblemandtrytomakeadecision.•RoleAyouarearicefarmer.•RoleByouareasugarcanefarmer.•RoleCyouarealocalfarmer.•RoleDyouarealocalfarmer.Inmyopinionyoushould…/Ithinkheisright…IfIwereyou…/wehavetomakeachoice…AsfarasIcanseethebestthingwouldbeto…Wouldn'titbebetterif…?/wecan’tdoboth,so…FromthegraphweseethattheeatinghabitsinChinahaveimprovedgreatlysincethe1990s.Peoplehavemanymoretochooseasfoodandtheycanalmosteatwhatevertheywant.Theconsumption(消费)offruit,fishandmeatncreasesharplywhilegraintheleastbecausemoreandmorepeopleeatlessgrain.Theyareturningtheireyestomeat,fishandfruit.ThisshowsChina’seconomyisincreasinganditspeopleareecomingmoreandmorerich.Asaresult,peopleareayingmoreandmoreattentiontotheirhealth.Agricultureproducehaschangedoverthepast10years.Chinanowproduceabout80%morefishandfruitthantenyearsago.Theproductionofmeatisupabout60%overthesameperiod.Oilandsugarhaverisenby30%each.Thepast10yearshasalsoseenanincreaseby10%ingrainproductionandby15%incottonproduction.•Reason:1.Peoplewanttobuydifferentproducts,sofarmersneedtogrowdifferentthings.(changesindemand)•2.Farmerswanttomakemoremoney.Whentheycangrowextracrops,theywill,eg,plantfruittrees.Intheend,theywillbringmorefruittothemarket.(changesinsupply)•3.Somecropsbringinmoremoneythanothercrops,sosomefarmerschangetheirproducefromgrowinggraintofishfarmingorgrowingfruit.Intheend,theywillbringmorefishorfruittothemarket.(changesinsupply)ReasonsforthesechangesWiththechangesinpeople’seatinghabits,natureaswellasagriculturewillhavetochange,too.Peopleareeatingmoremeatandfruit.Tofeedtheanimalslikepigsandfish,weneedmoregrain.toprovidemorefruit,weneedtoplantmorefruittrees.Asaresult,morelandwillbeused,whichislikelytocauseharmtoenvironmentandnature.Luckily,modernscienceandtechnologyhasmadeitpossibleforlandtoproducemore.Lessandlesslandwillbeneeded.Thatis,noharmwillbedonewiththedevelopmentofagriculture.
