Section Ⅳ Grammar & WritingUnit 1 Getting along with others栏目导引栏目导引Unit 1 Getting along with othersⅠ. 动词不定式一、概念及构成不定式由“ to +动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“ not to +动词原形”。不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化 , 但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可作主语、宾语、宾补、状语、表语、定语和独立成分,但不能单独作谓语。现以动词 do 为例 , 将不定式的时态和语态列表如下:栏目导引栏目导引Unit 1 Getting along with others 语态 时态 主动被动一般式进行式/完成式完成进行式/to doto be doneto be doingto have doneto have been doneto have been doing栏目导引栏目导引Unit 1 Getting along with others二、不定式的时态和语态1 .不定式的时态(1) 不定式所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生或是在谓语动词之后发生,不定式用一般式。Tell her we shall be delighted to come.告诉她我们会很高兴来的。 ( 同时发生 )We want to visit an advanced worker. 我们想去访问一位先进工作者。 ( 之后发生 )(2) 不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词之前,不定式用完成式。Robert is said to have studied abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in. 据说罗伯特在国外学习过,但我不知道他是在哪个国家学习的。栏目导引栏目导引Unit 1 Getting along with others(3) 不定式所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生,并且强调动作正在进行,不定式用进行式。We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here. 我们没有想到你会在这儿等我们。(4) 若强调不定式所表示的动作先于谓语所表示的动作发生,且该动作一直在进行,不定式用完成进行式。He is said to have been working there for more than twenty years. 据说,他已在那儿工作 20 多年了。栏目导引栏目导引Unit 1 Getting along with others[ 对接高考 ]1 . (2011· 高考上海卷 )Today we have chat rooms , text messaging , e mailing...but we seem _______ the art of communicating face to face.A . losing B . to be losingC . to be lost D . having lost解析:句意:现在我们有聊天室,能发短信,还可发电子邮件…...