English Grammar 现在完成进行时现在完成进行时1.1 现在完成进行时的构成have/has been + doing 肯定式 否定式 疑问式疑问否定式I have been workingI have notbeen workingHave I been working?Have I not been working?He has been sleeping He has not been sleepingHas he been sleeping?Has he not been sleeping?They have been waitingThey haven’t been waitingHave they been waiting?Have they not been waiting?1.2 基本用法现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在。其动作是否继续下去，由上下文而定。这个时态多用于延续性动词，如：live, learn, lie, stay, sit, wait, stand, rest, study 等，并且常和 all this time, this week, all night, all the morning, recently 等时间状语以及 since ，和for 所引导的状语短语或从句连用。EXAMPLE ：1.What have you been doing all this time? 你一直干什么来着？2.I have been writing letters all this morning. 我写了一上午信。3.He is ill. He has been lying in bed for three weeks. 他病了，已经卧床三个星期了。（ 1 ）表重复有时现在完成进行时所表示的动作并不是一直不停的进行，也可能表示断断续续的重复的动作，这时即可用暂短性动词。如，1.He has been scoring plenty of goals this season. 这个赛季里，他踢进了许多球。2.You have been saying that for five years. 这话你已经说了有五年了。（ 2 ）表感情色彩1.Too much has been happening today. 今天真是个多事的日子！2.Fiddlesticks ！ Who has been telling you such stuff? 乱弹琴！谁跟你说的这些胡话？（ 3 ）现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较现在完成时和现在完成进行时有时可以互换使用，含义无甚差别。如，We have been living here for ten years.We have lived here for ten years.但是，由于现在完成进行时还带有持续性，暂时性和未完成性的含义，有时就不可以互换使用。比较，Who has been eating my dinner?Who has eaten my dinner?第一句的含义是“还有些剩下”，第二句则表示“全给吃光了”，含义不同。
