句子成分和句子结构----认识英语句子的构成一、句子成分组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分主要有主语、谓语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语、补足语、呼语和插入语等。构成句子的主要部分是主语和谓语。表语、宾语和补足语是谓语的组成部分。其他成分如定语、状语、同位语是句子的次要成分。1． 主语主语说明谓语动作或状态的执行者，常用的作主语的词类有：名词（短语）、代词、数词、名词化的形容词，不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）和从句。George is a born leader. （名词）Nobody knew what had happened. （代词）Two of us will attend the conference tomorrow. （数词）The young are always willing to accept new things. （名词化的形容词）To go the bed early and to get up early is a good habit. （不定式短语）Losing his new MP4 made Tom very sad. （动名词短语）What we can’t get seems better than what we have. （名词性从句）2.谓语谓语用来描述主语的行为动作或所处的状态，谓语动词有人称、数、时态和语态等的变化。Father cooks very well. My sister has worked in the company for five years. Our school is becoming more beautiful. The World Expo is well organized. 3.宾语英语有单宾语、双宾语、复合宾语、同源宾语等。双宾语又分为直接宾语和间接宾语。凡能做主语的词、短语或从句都可以作宾语。（1）单宾语（宾语）可以作宾语的成分主要有名词（短语）、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、名词化的分词、不定式（短语） 、动名词（短语） 、从句等。I can hardly hear the radio. Would you please turn it up? （名词、代词）If you put 5 and 7 together, you ’ll get 12, little Tom. （代词）We should help the poor. （名词化的形容词）Remember to tell him to come. （不定式）Please stop making noise. （动名词）Do you understand what I mean? （名词性从句）（2）双宾语双宾语指动词后面接指人和物的两个宾语。指人的宾语叫间接宾语，指物的宾语叫直接宾语。其结构为：主语 + 及物动词（短语）+ sb. + sth. Please tell me how the accident came about. The teacher asked me a question too difficult to answer. ...
