1 / 8 句子结构句子的基本成分有以下几种:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语、同位语
1、主语: 句子的主体,全句述说的对象
一般由名词、代词、不定式、动名词或从句担当,位于句首
The boy needs a pen
Smoking is bad for you
2、谓语: 说明主语的动作或状态
由动词或系动词加表语 担任,常置于主语后
The train leaves at 6 o’clock
She is reading
3、宾语: 表示动作的对象
一般由名词或代词 担当,常置于谓语后
He won the game
He likes playing computer
4、表语: 用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等
一般由名词或形容词 担任,置于系动词之后
He is a student
We are tired
注意: 除了 be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词,1)表感官的动词 : feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等
2)表转变变化的动词 : become, get, grow, turn, go等
3)表延续的动词 : remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等
5、定语: 对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子
The black bike is mine
(形容词)The boy in blue is Jim
(介词短语)I have nothing to do today
(动词不定式)注意:1、当定语修饰不定代词如: nothing , anything , everything , something 等时,定语要放在其后作后置定语
例如:I tell him something interesting
2、不定式、短语或从句作定语时,