1 被动语态一、 考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1.across, through 穿过across 指从一定范围的一边到另一边。动作是在物体的表面进行。常用于横穿街道、河流，穿过桥梁等。 eg: They walk across the bridge. 他们步行走过了这座桥。through 侧重从物体的内部空间穿过，动作是在物体内部进行。常用于门、窗户、森林等。eg: He walks through the park. 他步行穿过公园。2.ill ，sick“生病的 ”。ill 只在系动词后作表语eg: Her mother was ill in bed. sick 既可作表语eg: Her mother was sick in bed. 也可作定语eg: Jane is taking care of her sick mother. 若 ill 作定语，译为 “坏的，恶劣的 ”eg: an ill person 一个坏人sick 作表语时也常译为“恶心的，想吐的“eg: The boy always feels sick when he travels by car. 【固定搭配】动词 + 名词 / 代词 / 副词 + 介词make room for给.....腾出地方eg: We can make room for her at this table. play a joke on戏弄人；对人恶作剧eg: We can’t play a joke on law. speak highly of称赞eg: The customs speak highly of their quality of service .say good bye to 告别；告辞eg: I don't want to say good bye to them. take an active part in积极参加eg: They take an active part in school activities. take care of 照顾；照料；注意eg: Could you take care of my plants while I'm on vacation? 【被动语态】（一）语态： 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如： Many people speak Chinese. 谓语： speak 的动作是由主语many people 来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如： Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语 English 是动词 speak 的承受者。（二）被动语态的构成被动语态由 “助动词 be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be 的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时： am／is／are ＋spoken 一般过去时： was／were ＋spoken 一般将来时： will ／shall be ＋spoken 现在进行时： am／is／are...
