动词 动词的含义 动词是表示动作或状态的词，在句子中做谓语。动词的基本形式： 动词原形、 过去式、 现在分词和过去分词。 动词的种类: 类别 特点 举例 及物动词（vt） 跟宾语 I like music. 不及物动词（vi） 不跟宾语 It rained last night. 系动词 跟表语 I am a doctor. She is a nurse. We are very happy. 助动词 跟动词原形或分词 I don’t like playing basketball. I have seen this movie before. 情态动词 跟动词原形 She can speak Japanese. 动词时态 一般现在时 （3种结构） 表示经常性、习惯性的动作；或普遍真理、客观事实；或某种状态。 “主·谓·（宾）”结构 Peter always spends too much time playing computer games. Alice usually goes to school by bus in the morning. I like listening to classical music. “There· be”结构 There is a map on the wall. There are some birds in the sky. “主·系·表”结构 It’s very cold today. The earth is bigger than the moon. My father is a teacher. 动词第三人称单数 动词特征 构成 例词 一般过去时 （3种结构） 表示发生在过去的动作。在一般过去时的句子中, 动词必须用过去式. 动词过去式 及 过去分词的构成 规则变化 构成法 词例 (1) 一般情况下加 ed work -- worked -- worked play -- played -- played (2) 以 e 结尾的，加 d live -- lived -- lived like -- liked -- liked (3) 以“辅音字母 + y” 结尾的，改 y为i， 再加 ed. study -- studied -- studied cry -- cried -- cried (4) 以重读闭音节 或 r音节 结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，要双写这个辅音字母，再加 ed. stop -- stopped -- stopped prefer -- preferred -- preferred refer-referred-referred occur-occurred-occurred 不规则变化 （参考课本） 一般过去时常见的提示: yesterday; the day before yesterday; last（week/ month/ year/Sunday --） this ---；just now； --- ago; after ---; when --- 等等。 一般动词 词尾加s like-likes 以ch,sh,s,o,x结尾 记忆技巧：吃（ch）蛇(sh,s)后喝 XO 词尾加es teach-teaches do-does go-goes w...
