初中英语语法梳理和提高1 7 动词的语态讲解 试题 动词的语态 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，例如： Many people speak English . (主动语态) English is spoken by many people. (被动语态) 1、被动语态的构成 被动语态由"助动词be +及物动词的过去分词"构成。助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。被动语态的肯定式、否定式及疑问式列表如下： 肯 定 句： 主语+ be+ 过去分词 +（by…） eg. He is often asked to do this work (by his boss). 否 定 句：主语+ be not +过去分词 +（by…） eg. I am not invited to the party (by him). 一般疑问句：Be + 主语+过去分词+ （by…）？ eg. Are your clothes washed by yourself? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+ be+主语 +过去分词+ （by…）？ eg. What is this sweater made of? 现以动词give为例，其被动语态的各种时态如下： 式 时 一 般 进 行 完 成 现在 Am / is /are + given Am/is/are +being + given Have / has +been +given 过去 Was / were + given Was / were + being + given Had +been + given 将来 Shall/ will + given Shall / will +be + given Should /would + be + given 含情态词的 Can / may /must +be +given 3、被动语态的用法： 1）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。 例如： This jacket is made of cotton. English is spoken in many countries in the world. 2） 强调动作的承受者时。如：The boy was saved at last.这个男孩最后得救了。 3） 主动语态变被动语态的步骤: 主动句: The boy broke the window yesterday. 被动句: The window was broken by the boy yesterday. 步骤一：原句中的宾语 the window变成主语。 步骤二：谓语动词broke改为被动形式：was broken 步骤三：原句中的主语 The boy放在介词by的后面。 步骤四：其他成分如：yesterday不变。 5) 有两个宾语...
