句子成分(Members of a Sentence) 什么叫句子成分呢
句子的组成成分叫句子成分
在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分
句子成分由词或词组充当
现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语
英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial) 和补语(complement)
(一)主语(su bject):主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首
但在there be 结构、疑问句(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词、主语从句等表示
例如: During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular
(名词) We often speak English in class
(代词) One-third of the students in this class are girls
(数词) To swim in the river is a great pleasure
(不定式) Smoking does harm to the health
(动名词) The rich should help the poor
(名词化的形容词) When we are going to have an English test has not been decided
(主语从句) It is necessary to master a foreign language
(it 作形式主语,真