英语的虚词与实词虚词 <介词、代词、连词、冠词、数词> 虚词没有实在意义，不能独立承担句子成分，包括冠词、介词、连词和感叹词:而且还有一个重要的特点，那就是，虚词没有词形的变化：一、冠词 (art..) ：用在名词前，帮助说明名词。如：a，an，the. 1.不定冠词 :a，an 2.定冠词： the 二、介词 (prep.) ：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如 in ，on，from，above，behind, across, against, along, around, among, before, below, beneath, besides, beyond, despite, during, except, front, including, inside, like, into, next, near, of, onto, out, out of, outside, over, owning to, per, regarding, since, through, till, towards, under, unlike, until, up, upon, via, while, with, within, without⋯1.简单介词：是由一个单词构成的介词。可分为三类：①普通介词 :如 at，by，for ，from，in，of， on，to，with 等②合成介词 :如 onto，into，within 等③分词介词：如including 等2.二重介词：是由两个简单介词连用而构成的介词。如： from behind ，since before，until after 等3.短语介词：是由两个或两个以上的词所组成的短语构成的介词。如：in front of ，because of，instead of 等三、连词 (conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。按在句子中的作用可分为并列连词和从属连词：After, although, also, and, anywhere, as, as long as, as soon as, because, before, both⋯ and⋯ but, considering, either⋯ or⋯ even if, even so, even though,, everywhere, for, hence, however, if, in case, in order that, instead of, likewise, never, nevertheless, not only ⋯but also, now that, once, or, otherwise, regardless, since, so, so that, such that, thus, till, until, unless, when, whenever, wherever, whether, where, while⋯1.并列连词①表示平行或对等关系的并列连词：and，both⋯and，as well as，not only ⋯but also，neither⋯nor 等②表示转折关系的并列连词:but，yet，while 等③表示选择关系的并列连词：or，either⋯or 等④表示因果关系的并列连词：for，so 等2.从属连词：是引导从句的连词①引导名词性从句的连词...
