人内传播:intra-personalcommunication自我互动:selfinteraction象征符:symbol内省式思考:reflectivethinking人际传播:personalcommunication集合行为:collectivebehavior乌合之众:crowd流言:rumor意见领袖:opinionleader两级传播:twostepflowofcommunication中介因素:mediatingfactors信息流:informationflow影响流:influencingflow知沟:knowledgegap数字鸿沟:digitalgap可信性:credibility专业权威性:expertness休眠效果(霍夫兰):sleepereffect诉诸理性:rationalpersuasion诉诸情感:emotionalpersuasion显著性:salience自信心假说:self-confidencehypothesis议程设置功能:theagenda-settingfunction:McCombs&ShowWhatistheagenda-settingfunction:Mediaconcentrationonafewissuesandsubjectsleadsthepublictoperceivethoseissuesasmoreimportantthanotherissues.Thatis,ifanewsitemiscoveredfrequentlyandprominently,theaudiencewillregardtheissueasmoreimportant.属性议程设置:attributesagenda-setting沉默的螺旋:thespiralofsilence社会合意:socialconsensus意见气候:opinionclimate中坚分子:thehardcore培养分析:cultivationanalysis故事讲解员:story-teller熔炉:melting-pot新闻框架:newsframeNewsframe的四种功能:Problemdefinition(提供问题定义);causalinterpretation(阐释事件原因);moralevaluation(提供道德评价);treatmentrecommendation(示意解决方案)上限效果(ceilingeffect)假说;信息富有者(information-rich)信息贫困者(information-poor)媒介素养(medialiteracy)第三人效果(thethird-personeffect)拉斯韦尔:Lasswell卢因:Lewin霍夫兰:Hovland拉扎斯菲尔德: Lazarsfeld施拉姆:Schramm香农:Shannon威纳:NorbertWiener经验学派:empiricalschool批判学派:criticalschool霸权:hegemony文化帝国主义:culturalimperialism文本解析:textanalysis美国源流:杜威(Dewey)库利(Cooley)提出两个概念:一是初级群体(primarygroup)二是镜中我(looking-glassself) 帕克(Park) 米德(Mead):主我(I)和客我(Me)对理解人内传播很有意义李普曼(Lippmann)拟态环境(pseudo-environment)刻板成见(stereotype)拉斯韦尔三功能说:环境监视功能(surveillanceoftheenvironment)社会联系与协调功能(correlationofthepartsofsociety)社会遗产传承功能(transmiss...