2024年英美文学史复习笔记VIP免费

Chaｐtｅr1ＯldａｎdMediｅvaｌEnglｉsｈＬiteratｕre(450—1066-1３4０)1．Bｅoｗulf:atyｐｉcａlｅxampｌeｏfOldEｎgｌishｐoｅtｒyisrｅgardedaｓｔhenatｉoｎａlepｉｃofthｅAnglｏ－Ｓａｘｏns.Itiｓaneｘampleofｔheｍiｎｇｌｉngofnaｔuｒｅｍythsandｈeroｉｃlｅgends．2.Ｒomanｃe：①Iｔusesnarraｔivｅveｒseｏｒｐrosetosingｋｎiｇｈtｌｙadveｎｔuresｏｒothｅrheroiｃｄｅeｄｓisaｐｏpuｌarｌitｅraryｆormｉnthｅmedievalpｅrｉｏd.②Iｔhaｓdevelopｅdthecｈarａcｔeristicｍedievalmotifsofｔheｑｕest，thetest,themｅｅtiｎgｗithｔheｅvｉｌgｉanｔandｔheｅncounｔerwithｔhebeautifulｂeloved．③Thehｅroiｓｕsｕallythｅkniｇht，whoseｔsouｔonajouｒneytoaｃcｏmｐｌishｓｏmemisｓｉons.Therearｅoftｅｎmｙstｅrｉesandfａｎtａsiesinromancｅ.④Roｍantiｃlovｅisaｎimportanｔparｔｏfthｅpｌｏtiｎｒｏｍａncｅ.Characterｉzatioｎiｓstａｎdarｄizｅｄ,Whilethestruｃtuｒeｉslooseandeｐisodiｃ,theｌanguagｅisｓimplｅandstｒaｉgｈtfｏｒwａrd．⑤Thｅｉmｐｏrｔａnceoｆtheｒomanｃeitseｌｆcanbｅsｅenａsamｅansｏfshowｉｎgmeｄievalarｉｓtｏcｒaｔicmenａｎｄｗomeｎinreｌaｔｉoｎｔotheiridｅaliｚｅｄｖiewoftｈeworld.２.Herｏicｃｏuplet:Hｅroiccoｕpletisarｈymeｄcoｕpｌetofｉamｂicpeｎｔameteｒ.ItiｓChaｕcerwhｏuｓeｄitｆoｒtｈeｆirｓttimeinEnglisｈｉnhｉsworkＴhｅＬｅgendｏfＧoｏdWoman.3.ＴhethｅmeｏfBeowulf：Theｐoemｐresｅntsavｉvidpｉcturｅofｈowｔhｅpｒimｉtivepeｏplewagｅheroicstrugglｅｓagainｓｔthｅhoｓtｉleforcｅsoｆthenatuｒalｗorlｄｕndｅraｗｉsｅａndmiｇhtｙlｅａｄer.Thepoemisanｅｘampleoｆthｅmiｎglingｏfthenatｕrｅmythsandhｅｒｏｉcｌｅgenｄｓ.５.Chauｃer’sachｉｅveｍenｔ：①Hｅpｒｅsentedacompreｈeｎsiveｒealistiｃpｉｃtuｒeofｈｉsageandｃreａtedaｗholeｇaｌlｅryoｆvividcｈaracterｓｉnhisworks,esｐecｉaｌlｙiｎTheCantｅｒbｕｒｙTａles.②Hｅａｎｔicｉｐａtedａnewear,ｔheRｅnaissanｃe,tocｏmeundertｈｅinfｌｕeｎceoftheItaliaｎwrｉtｅｒs．③Hｅdevelｏpedhisｃharacterizationtoahiｇherlｅveｌbypresenｔingｃhａｒａｃｔｅrsｗitｈｂothｔｙpicalqualitieｓandindividuaｌｄiｓpositions．④HeｇreatlｙcｏntributｅdtｏtｈematuｒingoｆEnｇlｉshｐoｅtｒy．Todaｙ,Chａucer’sreputationhasbeeｎｓeｃurｅlyestabｌishedasoｎｅｏfthebeｓtEnｇlishpｏetsｆoｒhiｓwisdom,ｈumoraｎdhｕmaniｔy.６.“TheＦatｈeｒoｆEnglｉｓｈpoetry”:Orｉginally,OｌdEnglｉｓhpoemsaremainlyalliterａtｉveversesｗithfewvarｉatｉons．①ＣhauceriｎtｒoｄucedfromＦｒancｅtherhymeｄstanzａｓofvariousｔypestoＥnｇlishpoetｒyｔoreplａceit.②IｎTheＲomauntofｔheRose(玫瑰传奇),hefiｒstinｔrｏｄｕcｅdｔotheEnｇlishtｈeｏctosyｌlabicｃｏuplet(八音节对偶句).③InＴｈｅLeｇendofGoodWomen,ｈｅｕseｄfortheｆｉrｓttiｍeinEnglishｈeroiｃcouplet.④Andｉnhiｓmaｓｔerｐiece,TｈeCanｔｅrbｕryTales,hｅｅmpｌｏｙｅdhｅroicｃouｐleｔwithtrｕeeaseａndchａrｍforｔｈefirsttimeinthｅｈistｏryofEnglｉshlｉteraturｅ．⑤HisaｒtmadehiｍoneoｆthegreatestpoetsinEnglish;JｏhnＤrydencallｅdｈim“tｈefatherofEngｌisｈpoetry”.【例题】Tｈｅｗorｋthatpresentｅd,fortｈeｆirstｔimｅｉnEnglisｈlｉterature,acoｍｐrehensivereaｌiｓtｉｃpicｔurｅｏftｈｅｍedieｖａlＥngliｓｈsｏcｉetyanｄcrｅaｔedawhoｌｅgalｌｅｒyofvividcｈarａctersfｒoｍａllwalｋsoflifeismｏsｔliｋｅｌy_＿______＿_____.(070４)A.WilliaｍＬaｎglａnd’sPiersPlowmanＢ.ＧeoｆfｒｅyCｈauｃer’sTheCａnterｂuryTaｌesC.ＪohｎＧoweｒ’sConｆesｓionAmantisD.ＳｉrGaｗａiｎａndｔhｅGreｅnＫnigｈt【答案】BCｈaptｅｒ2:ThｅRｅｎaiｓsanｃePeriｏ...